文摘翻译有奖（2010年国外医院感染相关杂志）

潮水 · 发表于 2010-7-4 23:20

感染控制与医院流行病学杂志2010年第7期
86、Differences in the Epidemiological Characteristics and Clinical Outcomes of Pandemic (H1N1) 2009 Influenza, Compared with Seasonal Influenza甲型H1N1流感与季节性流感的流行病学特点与临床比较Background.There are limited data comparing the clinical presentations, comorbidities, and outcomes of patients with infections due to seasonal influenza with patients with infections due to pandemic (H1N1) 2009 influenza.

Objective.To compare the epidemiological characteristics and outcomes of pandemic (H1N1) 2009 influenza with those of seasonal influenza.

Methods.A cross-sectional study was conducted among patients who received diagnoses during emergency department and inpatient encounters at 2 affiliated academic medical centers in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Cases of seasonal influenza during the period November 1, 2005, through June 1, 2008, and cases of pandemic influenza during the period from May 1, 2009, through August 7, 2009, were identified retrospectively.

Results.Forty-nine cases of pandemic influenza and 503 cases of seasonal influenza were identified. Patients with pandemic H1N1 were younger (median age, 29 years) than patients with seasonal influenza (median age, 59 years) ( P<0.001). More patients with pandemic H1N1 (35 [71%] of 49) were African American, compared with patients with seasonal influenza (267 [53%] of 503;P=0.02 ). Several symptoms were more common among patients with pandemic influenza infections than among patients with seasonal influenza infections: cough (98% vs 83%;P=0.007 ), myalgias (71% vs 46%; P=0.001 ), and pleuritic chest pain (45% vs 15%; P<0.001). Pregnancy was the only comorbidity that occurred significantly more often in the pandemic influenza group than in the seasonal influenza group (16% vs 1%; P<0.001 ). There were no significant differences in frequencies of deaths of hospitalized patients, intensive care unit admission, or length of hospitalization between groups.

Conclusion.Other than pregnancy, there were few clinically important differences between infections due to seasonal influenza and those due to pandemic influenza. The greater rate of lower respiratory tract symptoms in pandemic cases might serve to differentiate pandemic influenza from seasonal influenza.

nancywhite · 发表于 2010-8-21 11:20

回复 83# 潮水
潮水大哥，能把整篇文章给我吗？我们现在做的科研就是这个，我需要研究一下，如果需要，我把翻译好的整篇文章给你，好吗？

nancywhite · 发表于 2010-8-21 12:34

回复 40# 潮水
Higher arterial catheter-related infection rates in femoral than in dorsalis pedis access
股动脉比足背动脉置入发生动脉导管相关的感染率要高
尽管有很多的研究是关于动脉导管相关感染的，但是对于不同导管进入部位相关风险几乎没有任何信息。在过去的研究中，动脉导管相关感染在股动脉比桡动脉置入已经显示了很高的发生率。设计这个前瞻性研究是用来比较ICU病人股动脉插管与足背动脉插管ACRI的发生率。我们将1085例股动脉置入留置6497天与174例足背动脉置入留置1050天做比较。我们发现33例股动脉置入发生ACRI（11例菌血症和22例导管部位感染；千日导管感染率5.08）但是在足背动脉置入组无感染发生。年龄、性别、急性生理评估和慢性健康评价、诊断、过去动脉导管置管、机械性呼吸机使用、抗菌药物使用或导管留置时间两组无差异。回归分析显示股动脉置入比足背动脉置入ACRI的发生率更高（比值：7.6；可靠区间：1.37-无限；P=0.01).这个结果说明为了降低ACRI的风险足背动脉置入应该比股动脉置入优先使用。关键词：动脉导管；菌血症；导管感染；足背动脉；股动脉

潮水 · 发表于 2010-8-21 13:26

回复 142# nancywhite
呵呵！你到底要哪一篇全文啊！

nancywhite · 发表于 2010-8-21 13:38

回复 83# 潮水

Educational intervention, revised instrument sterilization methods, and comprehensive preoperative skin preparation protocol reduce cesarean section surgical site infections降低剖腹产后手术部位感染的措施

潮水 · 发表于 2010-8-21 16:58

回复 144# nancywhite

Educational intervention, revised instrument sterilization methods, and comprehensive preoperative skin preparation protocol reduce cesarean section surgical site infections

gemao · 发表于 2010-10-30 16:42

为何现在没有文章了，偶还指望挣钱呢？

liaoganglin · 发表于 2010-12-6 08:22

回复 1# 潮水

翻译有奖吗？什么时侯还有

潮水 · 发表于 2010-12-6 20:28

回复 147# liaoganglin
当然有了，欢迎多参加有奖翻译活动！

潮水 · 发表于 2010-12-6 20:31

87、Risk factors for treatment failure in patients with prosthetic joint infections 关节置换感染的危险因素Summary
Journal of Hospital Infection
Volume 75, Issue 4, August 2010, Pages 273-276
医院感染杂志2010年第8期
A retrospective, observational cohort study was conducted to describe the incidence, clinical and microbiological findings and to evaluate risk factors for treatment failure associated with prosthetic joint infections (PJIs). We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of all patients undergoing total knee or total hip prosthesis implantation in our institution between 1994 and 2008. Our institution is a 1950-bed tertiary care university hospital and referral centre. A total of 93 patients with PJIs was identified although only 68 patients had undergone prosthesis implantation at our hospital. The overall infection rate was 0.63%. The most common organisms isolated were Gram positive (76.5%), including meticillin-resistant staphylococci. Two-stage arthroplasty was performed in 48 (51.6%) patients, and debridement and retention of the prosthesis in 34 (36.5%) patients. When 43 patients followed up for more than two years after treatment were included in treatment outcome analysis, the overall treatment failure rate was 41.8% (18/43). Staphylococcus aureus infection was the only clinical variable associated with treatment failure (odds ratio: 11.9; 95% confidence interval: 1.07–133.9; P = 0.044), after adjustment for the other variables. In conclusion, S. aureus was the most common pathogen isolated in patients with PJI, and an independent risk factor for treatment failure in patients with PJI.

Keywords: Meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus; Prosthetic joint infection; Risk factors

潮水 · 发表于 2010-12-6 20:36

88、Respiratory syncytial virus outbreak defined by rapid screening in a neonatal intensive care unit 呼吸道合胞病毒感染爆发
Journal of Hospital Infection
Volume 75, Issue 4, August 2010, Pages 292-294
Summary
Palivizumab is currently licensed for the prevention of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) lower respiratory tract disease in infants and children with chronic lung disease, with a history of preterm birth, or with haemodynamically significant congenital heart disease, but its routine use during outbreaks in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) is not currently recommended. Here we report an outbreak in a NICU detected during a screening trial for RSV infection using a rapid antigen test (Respi-Strip®). Eleven preterm infants in our NICU tested positive for RSV during January 2009. Subsequent testing of the remaining infants in the NICU revealed two additional asymptomatic cases. In addition to precautions against cross-infection, palivizumab prophylaxis was administered to the remaining 37 premature infants. Two days after treatment, RSV was detected in two additional infants who had become symptomatic. To our knowledge this is the largest RSV outbreak in a NICU to be identified at an early stage by rapid testing and effectively controlled by infection control measures and palivizumab prophylaxis.

Keywords: Neonatal intensive care unit; Outbreak; Palivizumab; Rapid screening test; Respiratory syncytial virus

潮水 · 发表于 2010-12-6 20:38

回复 146# gemao
欢迎参加有奖翻译！

潮水 · 发表于 2010-12-6 20:42

89、Reducing Clostridium difficile through early identification of clusters and the use of a standardised set of interventions 减少艰难梭菌感染 Journal of Hospital Infection
Volume 75, Issue 4, August 2010, Pages 277-281
Summary
In recent years the rates of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) have increased worldwide with several large outbreaks occurring within the UK. New guidance from the UK Department of Health describes measures to investigate periods of increased incidence (PII) of CDI which include informing staff, ribotyping isolates, enhanced cleaning, audits and monitoring of antibiotic prescribing. This study aimed to determine whether a standardised set of measures could be used to control the incidence of CDI within an acute hospital setting over an 18 month period. During the study period a total of 102 PII involving 439 patients were investigated. The number of PII per month ranged from 14 in February 2008 to one in June 2009. From January 2008 to September 2008, ribotyping of patient isolates was only carried out on PII involving more than 10 patients, but from October 2008 it was carried out on all PII. During the period October 2008 to June 2009, 28 PII were investigated on 21 different wards, with seven wards having two PII. Ribotyping of the isolates confirmed nine (32%) of these PII to be outbreaks, with three being due to ribotype 027, two ribotype 078 and the others distinct ribotypes. Use of a set of standardised interventions has resulted in a decrease in the incidence of PII and a reduction in the number of patients involved. By taking early action with a set of standardised measures the incidence of hospital-acquired CDI can be reduced.

Keywords: Clostridium difficile; Control; Ribotyping

gemao · 发表于 2010-12-12 18:59

87、Risk factors for treatment failure in patients with prosthetic joint infections 关节置换感染的危险因素Summary
Journal of Hospital Infection
Volume 75, Issue 4, August 2010, Pages 273-276
医院感染杂志2010年第8期关节感染的危险因素
本研究是一项针对关节置换失败相关感染的回顾性、观察性队列研究，研究内容涉及发生率、临床和微生物发现，并评价危险因素。我们回顾性分析了从1994年至2008年，我们机构中有全膝或全髋关节置换病人的所有病例。我院是1950张床位的三级护理大学附属医院和治疗中心。我们发现98例PJI病人，其中68例患者在我院性关节置换。总体感染率为0.63%。最常见的分离细菌是革兰氏阳性菌（76.5%），包括MRSA。48例（51.6%）病人进行二期关节成形术。在34例（36.5%）病人进行清创和固定。43例在治疗后随访2超过2年，用于治疗结果分析。整体的手术失败率为41.8% （18/43）。在调整其他变量后发现，金葡菌感染是仅有与治疗失败相关的临床变量（odds ratio: 11.9; 95% confidence interval: 1.07–133.9; P = 0.044)。结论金葡菌是关节置换失败病人中最常见的致病菌，是关节置换手术失败的独立风险因素。
关键词：耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌，关节置换手术感染，危险因素

gemao · 发表于 2010-12-12 19:24

89、Reducing Clostridium difficile through early identification of clusters and the use of a standardised set of interventions 减少艰难梭菌感染 Journal of Hospital Infection
Volume 75, Issue 4, August 2010, Pages 277-281
Summary
最近几年，世界范围内的艰难梭菌感染（CDI）的发生率不断增加，在英国有过几次较大的暴发。英国卫生部门的新指南描述了用于对CDI发生率增加时期（高峰期）的调方法查，包括工作人员信息，菌株的核糖分型，加强清洁，审查和监视抗生素处方。本研究的目的在于标准化的方法是否可以在18个月的时间里用于控制一家急性医院CDI的发生率。研究期间共有102个高发期，439例病人接受调查。高发期的数量从2008年2月每月14个到2009年6月的每月1个。2008年1月至2008年9月，仅对高发期的病人标本进行核糖分型，累及超过10例病人。但从2008年10月开始，所有的高发期都进行核糖分型。在2008年10月至2009年6月，调查发现28个高发期分布在21间不同病房中，其中7间病房有2次高发期，分离菌株的核糖分型发现这些高发期中有9次（32%）是暴发，其中3次源于核糖分型027， 2次是核糖分型078 和其余的暴发是其他核糖分型。使用全套标准干预措施可以降低高发期次数，减少累及病人数量。及早采用全套的标准预防措施可降低医院获得性CDI的发生率。
关键词：艰难梭菌控制核糖分型

串串香 · 发表于 2011-4-1 21:29

我认领4号，不知是不是这样认领呀。

南京南京 · 发表于 2011-4-2 18:59

很好的创意，既锻炼了大家的翻译水平，对于像我这样英文不咋滴又想了解国外本专业最新研究动态的人来说又是一次很好的学习机会，非常好！

lgl123 · 发表于 2011-6-4 13:59

各位高手，英语基础确实不错，可真羡慕你们！潮水版主这些内容经常发一些，也让我们这些英语基础差的学员们开开眼界。

潮水 · 发表于 2011-6-26 21:28

90、Airborne hydrogen peroxide for disinfection of the hospital environment and infection control: a systematic review 医院环境中的过氧化氢消毒与感染控制
Journal of Hospital Infection
Volume 78, Issue 3, July 2011, Pages 171-177
Summary
We reviewed the effectiveness of airborne hydrogen peroxide as an environmental disinfectant and infection control measure in clinical settings. Systematic review identified ten studies as eligible for inclusion. Hydrogen peroxide was delivered in the form of vapour and dry mist in seven and three studies, respectively. Pathogens evaluated included meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Clostridium difficile and multiple bacterial types, in five, three, and two studies, respectively. Before the application of any cleaning intervention, 187/480 (39.0%; range: 18.9–81.0%) of all sampled environmental sites were found to be contaminated by the studied pathogens in nine studies that reported specific relevant data. After application of terminal cleaning and airborne hydrogen peroxide, 178/630 (28.3%; range: 11.9–66.1%) of the sampled sites in six studies and 15/682 (2.2%; range: 0–4.0%) of the sampled sites in ten studies, respectively, remained contaminated. Four studies evaluated the use of hydrogen peroxide vapour for infection control. This was associated with control of a nosocomial outbreak in two studies, eradication of persistent environmental contamination with MRSA and decrease in C. difficile infection in each of the remaining two studies.

Keywords: Cross-infection; Disinfectants; Infection control; Intensive care units; Nosocomial infections; Sterilisation

潮水 · 发表于 2011-6-26 21:28

90、Airborne hydrogen peroxide for disinfection of the hospital environment and infection control: a systematic review 医院环境中的过氧化氢消毒与感染控制
Journal of Hospital Infection
Volume 78, Issue 3, July 2011, Pages 171-177
Summary
We reviewed the effectiveness of airborne hydrogen peroxide as an environmental disinfectant and infection control measure in clinical settings. Systematic review identified ten studies as eligible for inclusion. Hydrogen peroxide was delivered in the form of vapour and dry mist in seven and three studies, respectively. Pathogens evaluated included meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Clostridium difficile and multiple bacterial types, in five, three, and two studies, respectively. Before the application of any cleaning intervention, 187/480 (39.0%; range: 18.9–81.0%) of all sampled environmental sites were found to be contaminated by the studied pathogens in nine studies that reported specific relevant data. After application of terminal cleaning and airborne hydrogen peroxide, 178/630 (28.3%; range: 11.9–66.1%) of the sampled sites in six studies and 15/682 (2.2%; range: 0–4.0%) of the sampled sites in ten studies, respectively, remained contaminated. Four studies evaluated the use of hydrogen peroxide vapour for infection control. This was associated with control of a nosocomial outbreak in two studies, eradication of persistent environmental contamination with MRSA and decrease in C. difficile infection in each of the remaining two studies.

Keywords: Cross-infection; Disinfectants; Infection control; Intensive care units; Nosocomial infections; Sterilisation

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文摘翻译有奖（2010年国外医院感染相关杂志）

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