马上注册登录,享用更多感控资源,助你轻松入门。
您需要 登录 才可以下载或查看,没有账号?注册
|
×
本帖最后由 樵夫 于 2012-9-29 22:38 编辑
Outbreak of Mycobacterium chelonae Infection Associated with Tattoo Ink
Byron S. Kennedy, M.D., Ph.D., M.P.H., Brenden Bedard, M.P.H., Mary Younge, R.N., Deborah Tuttle, R.N., M.P.S., Eric Ammerman, B.S., John Ricci, M.S., Andrew S. Doniger, M.D., M.P.H., Vincent E. Escuyer, Ph.D., Kara Mitchell, Ph.D., Judith A. Noble-Wang, Ph.D., Heather A. O'Connell, Ph.D., William A. Lanier, D.V.M., M.P.H., Linda M. Katz, M.D., M.P.H., Robert F. Betts, M.D., Mary Gail Mercurio, M.D., Glynis A. Scott, M.D., Matthew A. Lewis, M.D., and Mark H. Goldgeier, M.D.
N Engl J Med 2012; 367:1020-1024September 13, 2012DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1205114
Share:
BACKGROUND
In January 2012, on the basis of an initial report from a dermatologist, we began to investigate an outbreak of tattoo-associatedMycobacterium chelonae skin and soft-tissue infections in Rochester, New York. The main goals were to identify the extent, cause, and form of transmission of the outbreak and to prevent further cases of infection.
METHODS
We analyzed data from structured interviews with the patients, histopathological testing of skin-biopsy specimens, acid-fast bacilli smears, and microbial cultures and antimicrobial susceptibility testing. We also performed DNA sequencing, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), cultures of the ink and ingredients used in the preparation and packaging of the ink, assessment of source water and faucets at tattoo parlors, and investigation of the ink manufacturer.
RESULTS
Between October and December 2011, a persistent, raised, erythematous rash in the tattoo area developed in 19 persons (13 men and 6 women) within 3 weeks after they received a tattoo from a single artist who used premixed gray ink; the highest occurrence of tattooing and rash onset was in November (accounting for 15 and 12 patients, respectively). The average age of the patients was 35 years (range, 18 to 48). Skin-biopsy specimens, obtained from 17 patients, showed abnormalities in all 17, with M. chelonae isolated from 14 and confirmed by means of DNA sequencing. PFGE analysis showed indistinguishable patterns in 11 clinical isolates and one of three unopened bottles of premixed ink. Eighteen of the 19 patients were treated with appropriate antibiotics, and their condition improved.
CONCLUSIONS
The premixed ink was the common source of infection in this outbreak. These findings led to a recall by the manufacturer.
在4个月内,共有19名患者有纹身的皮肤上都形成了顽固的、凸起的红斑疹。从其中14人中分离得到的病原菌也存在于未开封的预混墨汁瓶中。这提示了这些病原菌可能来自生产链。最后,生产商主动召回了该产品。
|