AJIC2008年亚太地区医院内肺炎诊疗进展专刊打包下载

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American Journal of Infection Control
Volume 36, Issue 4, Supplement 1, May 2008, Pages S93-S100
Approaches to the Treatment of Nosocomial Pneumonia in the Asia-Pacific Region
亚太地区医院内肺炎诊疗进展
Epidemiology, etiology, and diagnosis of hospital-acquired pneumonia and ventilator-associated pneumonia in Asian countries
亚洲国家HAP和VAP的流行病学、病原学和诊断现况
Rajesh Chawla MD, a,

aDepartment of Respiratory & Critical Care Medicine, Indraprastha Apollo Hospital, Delhi, India


Available online 9 May 2008.

Hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) and ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) are significant public health issues in Asian countries, as they are worldwide. Mortality attributable to HAP and especially VAP can be very high. The present review aims to determine whether the incidence and prevalence of HAP and VAP are higher in Asian countries than in Western countries, whether the organisms causing these nosocomial infections differ etiologically, and whether they are more difficult to treat (ie, demonstrate greater resistance). The implementation of available guidelines can be best achieved through an understanding of local epidemiology, etiology, and resistance patterns, which can facilitate optimal treatment choices. The current review presents data on epidemiology, etiology, and diagnosis of HAP and VAP drawn from an expert panel of clinicians representing 10 Asian countries.

Treatment recommendations of hospital-acquired pneumonia in Asian countries: first consensus report by the Asian HAP Working Group
亚洲国家HAP和VAP的治疗推荐：首次由亚洲HAP协作组做出的一致报告
Jae-Hoon Song MD, PhD, a,  and Asian HAP Working Group

aDivision of Infectious Diseases, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Asian Network for Surveillance of Resistant Pathogens (ANSORP); and Asian-Pacific Research Foundation for Infectious Diseases (ARFID), Seoul, Korea


Available online 9 May 2008.

Many different treatment options are available for hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) and ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), which are important causes of morbidity and mortality. Although guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of HAP and VAP have been published by various American and European societies, these guidelines may not be applicable in all respects to the diagnosis and treatment of HAP and VAP in Asian countries. In addition, clinical practice may vary among Asian countries, due to such factors as availability of specific antibiotics and formulations and their relative cost. In addition, and in particular, different epidemiologic, etiologic, and resistance patterns in Asian countries may affect treatment choices compared with those in Western countries. To address these issues, the Asian-Pacific Research Foundation for Infectious Diseases, together with the Asian Network for Surveillance of Resistant Pathogens, organized the Asian HAP Working Group to discuss current clinical practices and develop consensus treatment recommendations for HAP in Asian countries. The consensus treatment recommendations, summarized herein, represent the findings of an expert panel comprising 30 representatives from 10 Asian countries.

Antimicrobial resistance in major pathogens of hospital-acquired pneumonia in Asian countries
亚洲国家HAP和VAP的感染主要病原菌的耐药性
Evelina N. Lagamayo MD, a,

aDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, University of Santo Tomas, Espana, Manila; and St. Lukes Medical Center, E. Rodriguez Avenue, Quezon City, Philippines


Available online 9 May 2008.

Antimicrobial resistance is a worldwide problem. For patients with hospital-acquired or ventilator-associated pneumonia, resistant pathogens pose a significant challenge to successful treatment outcomes and to the cost-effective delivery of health care. In the developing world, antibiotic resistance may be relatively more prevalent compared with Western countries. Common resistant pathogens include methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, multidrug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa, multidrug resistant Acinetobacter species, and extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing strains of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae. The emergence of these strains has provided a major impetus toward development of the present consensus treatment recommendations of the Asian HAP Working Group. The following review provides summary data regarding the incidence and prevalence of antibiotic-resistant pathogens in 10 Asian countries.