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本帖最后由 蓝鱼o_0 于 2011-11-2 16:39 编辑
Medicine (Baltimore). 2011 Oct 25. [Epub ahead of print]
Health Care-Associated Pneumonia (HCAP): Empiric Antibiotics Targeting Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa Predict Optimal Outcome.
Micek ST, Reichley RM, Kollef MH.
SourceFrom Pharmacy Department (STM), Barnes-Jewish Hospital, St. Louis; Hospital Informatics Group (RMR), BJC Healthcare, St. Louis; and Pulmonary and Critical Care Division (MHK), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri.
Abstract
Inappropriate initial antimicrobial therapy (IIAT) has been associated with decreased survival in patients with health care-associated pneumonia (HCAP). We performed a study to determine whether empiric HCAP antibiotic regimens targeting methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa are associated with greater appropriate therapy.
该研究小组开展了一项研究,探讨对于HCAP的病患,针对MRSA和PA的经验性治疗能否获得更好的预后?
A retrospective cohort study of culture-positive HCAP over 6 years (January 2003-December 2008) was performed at Barnes-Jewish Hospital, a 1200-bed urban teaching hospital.
这项回顾性队列研究开展了六年,在巴恩斯犹太医院。这是一个1200床的教学医院。
We identified 757 consecutive patients with HCAP.
我们确诊了757例HCAP的病患。
IIAT was administered to 213 (28%) patients. The pathogens most frequently associated with IIAT included P. aeruginosa (n = 60, 28%), MRSA (n = 58, 27%), and Acinetobacter species (n = 32, 15%).
IIAT有213例病患,其中绿脓占主要的为60.28%,MRSA其次为58.27%,不动杆菌为32.15%。
Multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that empiric anti-pseudomonal antibiotics (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 1.75; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.34-2.29; p = 0.036), empiric anti-MRSA antibiotics (AOR, 1.71; 95% CI, 1.36-2.14; p = 0.018), infection with Streptococcus pneumoniae (AOR, 2.82; 95% CI, 2.03-3.91; p = 0.002), absence of Acinetobacter species infection (AOR, 10.57; 95% CI, 7.29-15.33; p < 0.001), absence of P. aeruginosa infection (AOR, 1.69; 95% CI, 1.36-2.05; p = 0.014), and absence of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia infection (AOR, 20.43; 95% CI, 9.35-44.66; p < 0.001) are independent predictors of appropriate therapy for HCAP. Our study suggests that initial therapy for HCAP should include antibiotics targeting MRSA and P. aeruginosa in order to provide appropriate initial therapy. However, the selection of individual antibiotic agents should be based on local patterns of infection and adjusted when microbiology results become available.
多因素Logistic回归分析表明,经验性的抗绿脓杆菌抗生素(调整OR=1.75;95%[CI]为1.34-2.29;P = 0.036),经验性抗MRSA抗生素(AOR=1.71;95%CI,1.36-2.14; P = 0.018),肺炎链球菌感染者(AOR,2.82;95%CI,2.03-3.91; P = 0.002),不动杆菌属感染的情况下(AOR,10.57;95%CI,7.29-15.33P <0.001),无绿脓杆菌感染(AOR,1.69;95%CI,1.36-2.05; P = 0.014),嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌感染者(AOR,20.43的情况下,95%CI,9.35-44.66,P<0.001),可以作为HCAP治疗的独立预测因素。
我们的研究表明,HCAP的初始治疗应包括针对葡萄球菌和绿脓杆菌的抗生素,以提供适当的初步治疗。然而,个体抗生素的选择还是应该给予感染的类型,并根据微生物学检验的结果有所调整。
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