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本帖最后由 蓝鱼o_0 于 2011-9-7 23:30 编辑
Hand washing for preventing diarrhoea (Review)
腹泻是全球关注的公共卫生问题，据WHO估计，每年全球发生腹泻的病例次为300万。研究证明，通过手卫生，能够降低腹泻的发病风险。在研究者选择了14个随机对照试验。其中8个在高收入国家，5个在中低收入国家（社区）和1个高危险（获得AIDS的病人）。高收入国家，手卫生可以降低39%腹泻的风险 (IRR 0.61, 95% CI 0.40 to0.92; 2 trials) ，降低32%中低收入国家的儿童腹泻的发病风险(IRR 0.68,
95% CI 0.52 to 0.90; 4 trials).
结论
手卫生可以降低三分之一腹泻的发病风险。这个结果是对比于中低收入地区的用清水洗手的效果。当然这些实验还需要更长时间的随访，以及检验不同洗手方法的差异。
Main results
Fourteen randomized controlled trials met the inclusion criteria. Eight trials were institution-based in high-income countries, five were
community-based in low or middle-income countries, and one was in a high-risk group (people with acquired immune deficiency
syndrome (AIDS)). Considering only trial results that adjusted for cluster randomization, interventions promoting hand washing
resulted in a 39% reduction in diarrhoea episodes in children in institutions in high-income countries (IRR 0.61, 95% CI 0.40 to
0.92; 2 trials) and a 32% reduction in such episodes in children living in communities in low- or middle-income countries (IRR 0.68,
95% CI 0.52 to 0.90; 4 trials).
Authors’ conclusions
Interventions that promote hand washing can reduce diarrhoea episodes by about one-third. This significant reduction is comparable to the effect of providing clean water in low-income areas. However, trials with longer follow up and that test different methods of promoting hand washing are needed.
Hand washing for preventing diarrhoea.pdf
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发表于 2011-9-7 16:39
发表于 2011-9-12 11:40