对产妇及胎儿有害需要禁止的措施
1.Routine episiotomy is associated with poor healing, and longer hospital stays. Episiotomies should only be done where clinically required.
常规的会阴切开术带来愈合不良,住院时间延长等.
只有在有医学指征时才能应用会阴切开.
http://www.liv.ac.uk/
选择性(限制应用)会阴切开术结果分析
No increase in incidence of major outcomes (e.g., severe vaginal or perineal trauma nor in pain, dyspareunia or urinary incontinence)
不增加会阴裂伤,排尿困难,尿失禁(会阴松驰表现)
Incidence of 3rd degree tear reduced (1.2% with episiotomy, 0.4% without)
会阴三度裂伤在常规会阴切开者为1.2% ,在选择性应用中为0.4%
(Carroli and Belizan 2000.Eason et al 2000; WHO 1999.)
2.Routine enemas. They are uncomfortable, make a mess, and are of no benefit. Enemas should be used only if requested.
常规的灌肠.
3.Perineal shaving. This is degrading and of no demonstrable benefit.
剃除阴毛.没有益处,使产妇感到不舒适.
4.Withholding oral fluids. This is uncomfortable and unjustified.
分娩过程中限制喝水.这使产妇不舒适并没有证据.
5.Routine artificial rupture of the membranes (AROM). Painful, and of no value unless progress in labor is abnormal.
常规人工破膜.带来疼痛,对正常分娩无益.
6.Supine position for delivery. Affects blood flow in the uterus and interferes with progress of second stage of labor.
仰卧位分娩.这减少子宫血流供给并妨碍第二产程进 展
不恰当应当避免的措施
7.Routinely moving laboring woman to a different room at onset of second stage
在第二产程常规的搬动产妇到另一房间(产房)
8.Encouraging woman to push when full dilation or nearly full dilation of cervix has been diagnosed, before woman feels urge to bear down
在产妇还不想用力时就指导产妇屏气用力 |
发表于 2011-4-11 16:09
