预防艾滋病的八项有效措施

icchina

<div class="O" vshape="_x0000_s1026"><div style="mso-line-spacing: '109 20 0'; mso-margin-left-alt: 384; mso-char-wrap: 1; mso-kinsoku-overflow: 1;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 32pt; FONT-FAMILY: 华文新魏; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 华文新魏;"><b><i></i></b></span></div><div style="mso-line-spacing: '100 50 0'; mso-margin-left-alt: 384; mso-char-wrap: 1; mso-kinsoku-overflow: 1;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 21.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><font face="Times New Roman">1.<span style="FONT: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></font></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">行为改变</span><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp; </font></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">（</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">BCC</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">）</span><font face="Times New Roman">
                                </font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 21.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><font face="Times New Roman">2.<span style="FONT: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></font></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">安全套的推广使用</span><font face="Times New Roman">
                                </font><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">（</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">Condom</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">）</span><font face="Times New Roman">
                                </font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 21.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><font face="Times New Roman">3.<span style="FONT: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></font></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">性病管理</span><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp; </font></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">（</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">STD</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">）</span><font face="Times New Roman">
                                </font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 21.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><font face="Times New Roman">4.<span style="FONT: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></font></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">自愿咨询检测</span><font face="Times New Roman">
                                </font><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">（</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">VCT</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">）</span><font face="Times New Roman">
                                </font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 21.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><font face="Times New Roman">5.<span style="FONT: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></font></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">母婴传播的预防</span><font face="Times New Roman">
                                </font><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">（</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">PMTCT</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">）</span><font face="Times New Roman">
                                </font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 21.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><font face="Times New Roman">6.<span style="FONT: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></font></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">血液安全</span><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp; </font></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">（</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">Blood</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">）</span><font face="Times New Roman">
                                </font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 21.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><font face="Times New Roman">7.<span style="FONT: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></font></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">静脉吸毒者的降低危害</span><font face="Times New Roman">
                                </font><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">（</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">HR</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">）</span><font face="Times New Roman">
                                </font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 21.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><font face="Times New Roman">8.<span style="FONT: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></font></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">减少歧视</span><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp; </font></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">（</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">RS</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">）</span><font face="Times New Roman">
                                </font></p></div></div>

icchina

<br/>

楚楚

<p><font face="楷体_GB2312" size="3">　　"减少歧视"我认为是八项措施中最难的一项措施，包括很多医护人员都不能做到这一点，更何况普通民众呢？常常会遇到这种情况，一旦有病人HIV抗体初筛阳性，科室的医护人员马上紧张万分，一般性接触都是全副武装，并想方设法让他转院或出院。造成这样的原因，尽管与员工素质密不可分，但与整个大环境也不无关系。正因为如此，病人为免遭歧视，尽管早就知道自己感染了HIV，也是绝对不会主动告知医护人员的。大家都知道，艾滋病发病早期会以各种症状和体征出现，如口腔溃疡、胃肠炎、皮炎、隐球菌性脑膜炎、皮肤溃疡等等，几乎可以在任何一个科室出现，因此存在的隐患也可想而知了。</font></p><p><font face="楷体_GB2312" size="3">　　如果有一天病人很坦然地告知医护人员：“我是一个HIV感染者。”那是多么地欣慰！关爱病人，包括HIV感染者，你我都应该做出努力！毕竟我们的敌人是HIV，而不是病人，病人也是一个受害者。</font></p>