[求助]美西林是什么？

水中花

<p>曾在书上看到：美西林与其他β-内酰胺类联用时，美西林作用于青霉素结合蛋白2，使细菌形成大而圆的细胞，而其他许多β-内酰胺类主要作用于青霉素结合蛋白3，使细菌形成丝状体，因此两者联合应用常可获协同作用，使细菌迅速死亡。</p><p>请问：美西林属于青霉素中的哪一类？应该不是美洛西林吧？你们用过这个药吗？</p>

一枝梅

<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">美西林</span><span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">Mecillinam<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp; </span><p></p></font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">中文别名：</span><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp; </font></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">美西林、氮卓西林</span><font face="Times New Roman">
                        <span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">英文别名：</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman"> Coactin <p></p></font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">生产企业：</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp; </span><p></p></font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">药品类别：</span><font face="Times New Roman">
                </font><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">青霉素类抗生素</span><font face="Times New Roman">
                        <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp;</span><span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">药理药动</span><font face="Times New Roman">
                        <span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp; </font></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">本品对一些革兰阴性菌</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">,</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">包括大多数肠杆菌科细菌</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">, </font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">作用强于氨苄青霉素。对氨苄耐药的大肠杆菌和克雷白氏菌</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">,</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">也很敏感。对革兰阳性菌作用较差。绿脓杆菌和嗜血性流感杆菌等</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">,</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">对本品耐药。本品也抑制细菌细胞壁合成</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">,</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">但作用方式与青霉素不同</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">, </font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">故与青霉素类或头孢菌素合用</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">,</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">对革兰阴性菌有协同作用。但与氨基糖甙类抗生素无协同作用。</span><font face="Times New Roman">
                        <span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">[</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">药理作用</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">]</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">美西林主要作用于革兰阴性菌，对部分肠杆菌科细菌有较强活性，对革兰阳性菌作用甚微。本品对大肠杆菌的抗菌作用较氨苄西林强十倍至数十倍，</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">6.3mg/L</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">浓度的本品可抑制约</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman"> 70</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">％的枸椽酸杆菌属、肺炎杆菌、肠杆菌属、沙门菌属和志贺菌属；对奇异变形杆菌和沙雷菌属的作用较差，吲哚阳性变形杆菌、绿脓杆菌、不动杆菌属和脆弱类杆菌对本品皆耐药。</span><font face="Times New Roman">
                        <span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">药动学</span><font face="Times New Roman">
                        <span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">口服不吸收，正常人肌注美西林</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman"> 400mg</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">后血药峰浓度于给药后</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman"> 41min</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">到达，为</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman"> 13.6mg/L</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">。静脉推注本品</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman"> 400mg(10min</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">内</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">)</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">，结束时的血药峰浓度为</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman"> 37.9mg/L</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">，</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">15min</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">后下降一半。肌注或静注后尿中药物浓度可达</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman"> 1000</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">～</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">2000mg/L</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">，给药后</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman"> 12h</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">内尿药排出率</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman"> 66</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">％～</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">73</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">％。血清消除半减期为</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">0.65</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">～</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">0.81h</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">。</span><font face="Times New Roman">
                        <span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">美西林可广泛分布于各种组织体液中，以肾、肺和肺组织中浓度较高。胆汁中浓度略高于血浓度。胆囊手术前</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman"> lh</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">注射美西林</span><chmetcnv wst="on" tcsc="0" numbertype="1" negative="False" hasspace="False" sourcevalue="0.8" unitname="g"><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">0.8g</font></span></chmetcnv><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">后，胆囊中胆汁浓度在胆囊功能正常和无功能者分别为</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman"> 40mg/L</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">和</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman"> 12mg/L</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">。本品血清蛋白结合率为</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman"> 15</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">％～</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">25</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">％。</span><font face="Times New Roman">
                        <span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></font></p>

一枝梅

<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">适</span><font face="Times New Roman">
                </font><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">应</span><font face="Times New Roman">
                </font><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">症</span><font face="Times New Roman">
                        <span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp; </font></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">临床上广泛用于尿路感染</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">,</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">对大肠杆菌感染</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">(</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">包括耐氨苄青霉素菌株</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">)</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">疗效甚好。对肺炎杆菌、肠杆菌等感染</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">,</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">也有相当疗效。对伤寒、副伤寒疗效也较好。</span><font face="Times New Roman">
                        <span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">美西林主要用于大肠杆菌</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">(</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">包括耐氨苄西林株</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">)</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">以及某些敏感肠杆菌科细菌所致的尿路感染。对单纯性尿路感染的治愈率为</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">87</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">％，复杂性尿路感染的治愈率仅</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman"> 35</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">％。本品治疗孕妇菌尿症，细菌清除率可达</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman"> 87</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">％，其治疗菌痢的疗效优于</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman"> SMZ-TMP</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">。治疗伤寒的痊愈率为</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">73</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">％，但退热时间较</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman"> SMZ-TMP</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">组为长，恢复期带菌率亦较高，与治疗伤寒的常规药物相比，本品无突出优点。美西林治疗败血症、脑膜炎、肺炎、心内膜炎等严重感染时常与氨苄西林、替卡西林、头孢西丁等其他β内酰胺类药联合应用。</span><font face="Times New Roman">
                        <span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">用法用量</span><font face="Times New Roman">
                        <span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp; </font></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">本品可供肌注或静脉注射，成人每次</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman"> 400mg</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">，严重感染时可增加至</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman"> 600mg</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">，每日</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman"> 3</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">～</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">4</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">次。小儿每日</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman"> 30</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">～</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">60mg/kg</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">，分</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman"> 3</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">～</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">4</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">次注射。</span><font face="Times New Roman">
                        <span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">不良反应</span><font face="Times New Roman">
                        <span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp; </font></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">可有恶心</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">,</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">腹泻</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">,</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">眩晕</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">,</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">贫血</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">,</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">粒细胞减少</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">.</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">也可致转氨酶升高、碱性磷酸酶值升高</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">.</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">肌肉注射本品后局部刺激不显著，本品偶可致过敏性休克和其他过敏反应，用前应做青霉素皮试。可有皮疹，嗜酸粒细胞增多、血小板增多以及注射局部刺激症状等。其它参见青霉素</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">G. <p></p></font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">禁忌症</span><font face="Times New Roman">
                        <span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp; </font></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">青霉素过敏者忌用</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">.</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">妊娠初期</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">3</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">个月孕妇不宜应用，因尚无充分资料证明本品在孕妇中使用的安全性。肾功能显著减退者剂量酌减。</span><font face="Times New Roman">
                        <span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">药物相互作用</span><font face="Times New Roman">
                        <span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp; </font></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">美西林与头孢孟多或磷霉素联合对鼠伤寒杆菌的作用增强，显示协同或累加现象。本品与吡哌酸联合呈无关或桔抗，与氨基糖甙类合用亦无协同作用出现。丙磺舒可抑制本品经肾排泄，提高血药浓度。</span></p>

一枝梅

<p>清楚了吗?</p>[em01][em01][em01]

水中花

<div class="quote"><b>以下是引用<i>一枝梅</i>在2007-5-6 23:45:01的发言：</b><br/><p>清楚了吗?</p>[em01][em01][em01]</div><p>谢谢梅板！你的速度真快啊！是不是有什么关于抗生素的好东东，也拿出来分享一下撒。</p>[em07]

一枝梅

<p>正在忙“管理年”任务分解，后上传吧。</p>

木瓜

<p><font size="3">根据抗菌谱和抗菌作用的特点可将青霉素类抗生素分为5类：</font></p><ol><li><font size="3">主要作用于革兰阳性菌、阴性球菌及个别革兰阴性杆菌的青霉素，如青霉素G、青霉素V等</font></li><li><font size="3">耐青霉素酶青霉素类，如甲氧西林、苯唑西林、氯唑西林等</font></li><li><font size="3">广谱青霉素 如氨苄西林、阿莫西林等</font></li><li><font size="3">对铜绿假单孢菌有活性的光谱青霉素类 如羧苄西林、替卡西林、美洛西林、派拉西林等</font></li><li><font size="3">主要作用于革兰阴性菌的青霉素类 如美西林、匹美西林及替莫西林等</font></li></ol>

楚楚

<div class="quote"><b>以下是引用<i>一枝梅</i>在2007-5-6 23:45:01的发言：</b><br/><p>清楚了吗?</p>[em01][em01][em01]</div><p>梅班竹拜读了，辛苦了。４４６</p>[em01][em01][em01][em01]

cavern

非常实用的知识,谢谢斑竹了~

kg在感管

真是越看学的越多啊.好狠啊.上论坛晚嘞!!!