消毒剂使用不当，引发细菌耐药

木易杨

Disinfectants May Promote Growth of Superbugs
01/07/2010
Using disinfectants could cause bacteria to become resistant to antibiotics as well as the disinfectant itself, according to research published in the January issue of Microbiology.The findings could have important implications for how the spread of infection is managed in hospital settings.

Researchers from the National University of Ireland in Galway found that by adding increasing amounts of disinfectant to laboratory cultures of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, the bacteria could adapt to survive not only the disinfectant but also ciprofloxacin -- a commonly-prescribed antibiotic -- even without being exposed to it. The researchers showed that the bacteria had adapted to more efficiently pump out antimicrobial agents (disinfectant and antibiotic) from the bacterial cell. The adapted bacteria also had a mutation in their DNA that allowed them to resist ciprofloxacin-type antibiotics specifically.

P. aeruginosa is an opportunistic bacterium that can cause a wide range of infections in people with weak immune systems and those with diseases such as cystic fibrosis (CF) and diabetes. P. aeruginosa is an important cause of hospital-acquired infections. Disinfectants are used to kill bacteria on surfaces to prevent their spread. If the bacteria manage to survive and go on to infect patients, antibiotics are used to treat them. Bacteria that can resist both these control points may be a serious threat to hospital patients.

Importantly, the study showed that when very small non-lethal amounts of disinfectant were added to the bacteria in culture, the adapted bacteria were more likely to survive compared to the non-adapted bacteria. Dr. Gerard Fleming, who led the study, said, "In principle this means that residue from incorrectly diluted disinfectants left on hospital surfaces could promote the growth of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. What is more worrying is that bacteria seem to be able to adapt to resist antibiotics without even being exposed to them."

Fleming also stressed the importance of studying the environmental factors that might promote antibiotic resistance. "We need to investigate the effects of using more than one type of disinfectant on promoting antibiotic-resistant strains. This will increase the effectiveness of both our first and second lines of defence against hospital-acquired infections," he said.
启示：使用消毒剂，必须采用足够高的浓度（当然不是越高越好），并且有充分的接触时间

马车

最好注明出处，

星火

https://bbs.sific.com.cn/viewthre ... &extra=page%3D1
有报道，关注！

jiuyuan

细菌本身可以不断适应有消毒剂的环境，变得能更有效地把细菌细胞内的抗菌物质排出。这时细菌的遗传物质DNA（脱氧核糖核酸）已经发生了一定改变，使其对某种抗生素产生特定耐药性。......
      正确使用消毒剂太重要了。

sunshine

应该提倡热力消毒，减少化学消毒剂的使用；对于使用消毒剂的，应该规范正确使用

sunshine

应该提倡热力消毒，减少化学消毒剂的使用；对于使用消毒剂的，应该规范正确使用

二进制

应该提倡热力消毒，减少化学消毒剂的使用；对于使用消毒剂的，应该规范正确使用
sunshine 发表于 2010-1-11 17:20 https://bbs.sific.com.cn/images/common/back.gif

热力分为湿热和干热两种。而前者较后者更好,若再加上压力就好上加好。:handshake

青霉素

世界真奇妙，谁都想有一席之地就要拼命适应这环境，如果消毒剂真能诱导微生物变异的话，这将是一个噩耗。

xiaoling

正确使用消毒剂非常重要了。