【双语学习】流行病学原理在公共卫生的实践---第一课：流行病学导论学习目录

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【双语学习】流行病学原理在公共卫生的实践

一、Lesson One: Introduction to Epidemiology

第一课-前言：流行病学导论学习目录

Introduction:
导言：

In the realm of hospital infections, the application of epidemiological principles is indispensable for the effective management and prevention of infectious diseases. Epidemiology, as a scientific discipline, provides a systematic approach to studying the distribution and determinants of health-related events in populations. When applied to the field of hospital-acquired infections, it becomes a powerful tool in assessing risks, identifying patterns, and implementing control measures.

在医院感染领域，运用流行病学原理对于有效管理和预防感染性疾病至关重要。作为一门科学学科，流行病学为研究人群中与健康相关事件的分布和决定因素提供了系统化的方法。当应用于医院获得性感染领域时，它成为了评估风险、识别模式和实施控制措施的有力工具。

In the context of healthcare settings, a thorough understanding of epidemiological principles is essential for healthcare professionals to effectively combat hospital-acquired infections. By integrating bilingual learning into their practice, healthcare providers can enhance their knowledge and skills in applying epidemiological methods to investigate and control infectious outbreaks.

在医疗环境中，医护人员对流行病学原理的深入了解对于有效应对医院获得性感染至关重要。通过将双语学习融入实践中，医疗提供者可以增强他们应用流行病学方法调查和控制感染性疾病爆发的知识和技能。

Bilingual learning, in this context, refers to the acquisition and utilization of knowledge in both the local language and a second language. In healthcare settings, where multicultural and multilingual interactions are common, bilingual proficiency can facilitate effective communication with diverse patient populations and healthcare professionals. Moreover, bilingual healthcare professionals are better equipped to access and utilize epidemiological research and information available in multiple languages, enabling them to stay updated on the latest developments and practices in infection control.

在这一背景下，双语学习指的是获取和运用本地语言和第二语言的知识。在医疗环境中，多文化和多语言交流很常见，双语能力可以促进与不同患者群体和医护人员的有效沟通。此外，双语医护人员更能够获取和利用多种语言的流行病学研究和信息，使他们能够及时了解感染控制领域的最新发展和实践。

Therefore, the integration of bilingual learning with epidemiological principles in the field of hospital infections not only strengthens the abilities of healthcare professionals but also enhances the overall effectiveness of infection control measures. By embracing bilingualism in their professional development, healthcare providers can contribute to the advancement of public health practices and the well-being of individuals in diverse healthcare environments.


因此，在医院感染领域，将双语学习与流行病学原理结合起来不仅强化了医护人员的能力，还提高了感染控制措施的整体效果。通过在专业发展中接受双语教育，医疗提供者可以促进公共卫生实践的发展，增进多样化医疗环境中个体的福祉。

                               
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1.overview 概述

Recently, a news story described an inner-city neighborhood’s concern about the rise in the number of children with asthma. Another story reported the revised recommendations for who should receive influenza vaccine this year. A third story discussed the extensive disease-monitoring strategies being implemented in a city recently affected by a massive hurricane. A fourth story described a finding published in a leading medical journal of an association in workers exposed to a particular chemical and an increased risk of cancer. Each of these news stories included interviews with public health officials or researchers who called themselves epidemiologists. Well, who are these epidemiologists, and what do they do? What is epidemiology? This lesson is intended to answer those questions by describing what epidemiology is, how it has evolved and how it is used today, and what some of the key methods and concepts are. The focus is on epidemiology in public health practice, that is, the kind of epidemiology that is done at health departments.

最近，一则新闻报道描述了一个市内社区对哮喘儿童人数上升的担忧。另一则新闻报道了对今年流感疫苗接种对象的修订建议。第三篇报道讨论了最近受飓风影响的一个城市正在实施的广泛的疾病监测策略。第四篇报道介绍了发表在权威医学期刊上的一项研究结果，即接触某种化学物质的工人患癌症的风险增加。这些新闻报道都包括对自称为流行病学家的公共卫生官员或研究人员的采访。那么，这些流行病学家是谁，他们是做什么的？流行病学是什么？本课旨在回答这些问题，介绍什么是流行病学，流行病学是如何发展的，如今是如何使用的，以及一些关键的方法和概念是什么。重点是公共卫生实践中的流行病学，即在卫生部门开展的流行病学工作。

2.Objectives 学习目标

After studying this lesson and answering the questions in the exercises, you will be able to:
学习本课并回答练习题后，您将能够

• Define epidemiology 定义流行病学
• Summarize the historical evolution of epidemiology
  概述流行病学的历史演变
• Name some of the key uses of epidemiology
  说出流行病学的一些主要用途
• Identify the core epidemiology functions
  确定流行病学的核心功能
• Describe primary applications of epidemiology in public health practice
  描述流行病学在公共卫生实践中的主要应用
• Specify the elements of a case definition and state the effect of changing the value of any of the elements
  指定病例定义的要素，并说明更改任何要素值的影响
• List the key features and uses of descriptive epidemiology
  列出描述性流行病学的主要特点和用途
• List the key features and uses of analytic epidemiology
  列出分析流行病学的主要特点和用途
• List the three components of the epidemiologic triad
  列出流行病学三要素的三个组成部分
• Describe the different modes of transmission of communicable disease in a population
  描述传染病在人群中的不同传播方式
  

3.Major Sections 学习目录

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  Section 1: Definition of Epidemiology
  
  
  
  
  第 1节：流行病学的定义
  
  
  
  
  Section 2: Historical Evolution of Epidemiology
  
  
  
  
  第 2 节：流行病学的历史演变
  
  
  
  
  Section 3: Uses 第 3 节：流行病学的用途
  
  
  
  
  Section 4: Core Epidemiologic Functions
  
  
  
  
  第 4 节：流行病学的核心功能
  
  
  
  
  Section 5: The Epidemiologic Approach
  
  
  
  
  第 5 节：流行病学方法
  
  
  
  
  Section 6: Descriptive Epidemiology
  
  
  
  
  第 6 节：描述性流行病学
  
  
  
  
  Section 7: Analytic Epidemiology
  
  
  
  
  第 7 节：分析流行病学
  
  
  
  
  Section 8: Concepts of Disease Occurrence
  
  
  
  
  第 8 节：感染性疾病发生的概念
  
  
  
  
  Section 9: Natural History and Spectrum of Disease
  
  
  
  
  第 9 节：疾病自然史和疾病谱
  
  
  
  
  Section 10: Chain of Infection
  
  
  
  
  第 10 节：感染链
  
  
  
  
  Section 11: Epidemic Disease Occurrence
  
  
  
  
  第 11 节：流行病的发生
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  有学习需求的请回帖投票，如果需求较少本系列就不会更新（见谅！！！）
  
  
  
  
  
  

劉唱君

流行病学对于我们护理专业的感控人员来说，是需要补充的知识