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美国多个州暴发的人感染沙门氏菌与家禽有关
来源丨疾病预防控制中心
翻译丨赵博
审核丨刘金淑 陈志锦
经美国疾病控制与预防中心(CDC)、多个州的卫生农业部门及美国农业部的动植物卫生检疫局联合调查，有8次跨州人感染沙门氏菌暴发与后院家禽接触有关。这些暴发是由以下沙门氏菌引起的：卢柏沙门氏菌、肠炎沙门氏菌、哈尔达沙门氏菌、印第安纳沙门氏菌、婴儿沙门氏菌、姆班达卡沙门氏菌、鼠伤寒沙门氏菌。
截止到2017年5月25日，共有来自47个州的372例人感染沙门氏菌的疫情。从2017年1月4日发现病例至2017年5月13日，已有71人住院，但无死亡病例报告，其中5岁以下的儿童患者约占36%。流行病学追溯和实验室分析发现，这8起暴发均与活禽接触有关，例如来自多个孵化场的小鸡小鸭。调查的228名患者中，有190人（约占83%）在发病前一周有活禽接触史。据报道，仔禽的购买渠道有饲料商店、网站、孵化场和亲属等。
接触活禽及其生活放养之地，均可致人类感染沙门氏菌。看起来健康干净的小鸡小鸭和其他活禽仍然可能携带沙门氏菌。
最近几年，随着越来越多的人在后院自养活禽，与活禽接触相关的疫情也有所增加。2016年，与家养活禽有关的病例数已创历史记录。
原文：
Multistate Outbreaks of Human Salmonella InfectionsLinked to Live Poultry in Backyard Flocks
The Centers for Disease Control andPrevention (CDC), many state departments of health and agriculture, and theU.S. Department of Agriculture’s Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service areinvestigating eight multistate outbreaks of human Salmonella infections linkedto contact with live poultry in backyard flocks. These outbreaks are caused byseveral kinds of Salmonella bacteria: Salmonella Braenderup, SalmonellaEnteritidis, Salmonella Hadar, Salmonella Indiana, Salmonella Infantis, SalmonellaMbandaka, and Salmonella Typhimurium.
As of May 25, 2017, 372 people infected with the outbreakstrains of Salmonella have been reported from 47 states.
◦Illnesses started on dates ranging from January 4, 2017to May 13, 2017.
◦71 ill people have been hospitalized, and no deaths have been reported.
◦36 percent of ill people are children younger than 5 years.
Epidemiologic, traceback, and laboratory findings linkthe eight outbreaks to contact with live poultry, such as chicks and ducklings,which come from several hatcheries. In interviews, 190 (83 percent) of 228 illpeople reported contact with live poultry in the week before illness started.People reported purchasing live baby poultry from several sources, includingfeed supply stores, websites, hatcheries, and from relatives.
Contact with live poultry and the areas where they liveand roam can make people sick with Salmonella infections. Chicks, ducklings,and other live poultry that look healthy and clean can still carry Salmonellabacteria.
Outbreaks linked to contact with live poultry haveincreased in recent years as more people keep backyard flocks. In 2016, arecord number of illnesses were linked to contact with backyard poultry.
图文编辑：那颜
审稿：陈文森 卢先雷
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发表于 2017-6-6 08:50