2016年5月，我国已经出现2例输入性寨卡病毒感染病例；非洲首现肆虐美洲的寨卡病毒类型。
6月将至，我国大部分地区的降雨将增多，每年的6月中旬至7月上旬，受江淮准静止锋影响，会出现梅雨天气。埃及伊蚊是寨卡病毒的主要传播媒介，白纹伊蚊、非洲伊蚊、黄头伊蚊等多种伊蚊属蚊虫也可能传播该病毒，而伊蚊的繁殖高峰主要出现在雨季，随着雨季伊蚊数量大量增加，将给我国乃至整个亚洲带来前所未有的挑战。
2016年1月1日开始，我国全面放开二胎，预计九十月份将迎来第一波生育高峰。寨卡病毒感染除了表现出神经系统症状之外，对新生儿的危害主要是新生儿小头症，当“二胎时代”遭遇寨卡这个隐形杀手，会给我国带来多大的影响呢？
世界卫生组织证实：寨卡病毒已由美洲肆掠至非洲
WHO Confirms Zika Virus Strain Imported From the Americas to Africa
2日前，以下新闻由世界卫生组织在寨卡病毒专栏中发布
检索：刘金淑，河南省濮阳市油田总医院
译者：刘金淑，河南省濮阳市油田总医院；张菊，成都市龙泉驿区第一人民医院
编写：陈志锦
审核：陈志锦
位于塞内加尔佛得角的达喀尔巴斯德研究所的病毒测序证实，目前在非洲佛得角流行的寨卡病毒和在美洲流行的寨卡病毒类型一致——亚洲型,且很可能是从巴西传入的。因监测到神经障碍和小头畸形症病例，亚洲型寨卡病毒首次在非洲被发现。
世界卫生组织(WHO)非洲区域主任Matshidiso Moeti 博士指出：“该调查结果令人担忧，因为它进一步证实寨卡疫情已经由南美蔓延到了非洲，这些信息将帮助非洲国家重新评估寨卡病毒病的风险程度，以适当提高防备应对水平。”
首先,这些国家应该加强孕妇的风险意识宣教工作，以提高其对亚洲型寨卡病毒相关及并发症的认识，强化防护措施，避免蚊虫叮咬及性传播。此外,国家应该增加对寨卡病毒传播及其先天性畸形疾病的监测项目，如小头畸型、格林-巴利综合征。
自2016年2月启动监测以来，在总部布拉柴维的世卫尔寨卡病毒事件管理体制将继续审查现有的风险评估，加强监控，并评估实验室检测能力，在重点国家支持社区参与风险通报。此外，世卫组织及其合作伙伴将支持非洲国家加强准备工作，早发现、早确诊和及时处理寨卡病毒病潜在的并发症。该应急体制将在西非埃博拉病毒应急期间投资完成的体制基础上进行强化。
截至2016年5月8日, 佛得角共发现7557例寨卡病毒疑似病例，佛得角已报告3例小头畸型病例，其中1例是经美国CDC报告的输入性病例。到目前为止，佛得角没有报道格林-巴利综合征(GBS)病例。
来源：世界卫生组织
佛得角，非洲最西点（图片来源于百度图库）
原文附录如下WHO Confirms Zika Virus Strain Imported From the Americas to Africa
2 days ago Comments
Posted in News, World Health Organization (WHO), Zika virus
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Sequencing of the virus in Cabo Verde by Institut Pasteur, Dakar confirms that the Zika virus currently circulating in Cabo Verde is the same as the one circulating in the Americas -- the Asian type -- and was most likely imported from Brazil. This is the first time that the Zika strain responsible for the outbreaks linked to neurological disorders and microcephaly has been detected in Africa.
“The findings are of concern because it is further proof that the outbreak is spreading beyond South America and is on the doorstep of Africa. This information will help African countries to re-evaluate their level of risk and adapt and increase their levels of preparedness,?said Dr. Matshidiso Moeti, World Health Organization (WHO) regional director for Africa.
As a first step, these countries should heighten risk communication to pregnant women to raise awareness of complications associated with the Asian type of Zika virus and promote protection steps to avoid mosquito bites as well as sexual transmission. In addition, countries should increase their surveillance for Zika transmission and congenital malformations, such as microcephaly, as well as Guillain-Barr?syndrome..
Activated since February 2016, WHO Zika Virus Disease Incident Management System in Brazzaville and at Headquarters will continue to review existing risk assessments, increase surveillance, and assess laboratory testing capacity and support community engagement and risk communications in priority countries. In addition, WHO and its partners will support the countries in the African region to step up preparedness efforts for early detection, confirmation and management of potential complications related to Zika infection. The response will build on investments in strengthened systems made in West Africa during the Ebola emergency.
As of May 8, 2016, there have been 7,557 suspected cases of Zika in Cabo Verde. Three cases of microcephaly have been reported from Cabo Verde with one case reported by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) after being delivered in the United States. So far, no case of Guillain-Barre Syndrome (GBS) has been reported from Cabo Verde.
图文编辑：小小牧童
审稿：陈文森 卢先雷
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