100亿细菌在人体安家

石桥wshh1975

p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28.1pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><font size="6"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">100</font></span></b><b><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">亿细菌在人体安家</span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;"><p></p></span></b></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28.1pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><font size="6"><b><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">谭西顺</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;"><p></p></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><font size="6"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">天天洗澡，你以为自己就清洁了吗？别这么早下结论。在你身上“安营扎寨”的细菌至少有</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">100</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">亿个，更别说还有无数真菌、酵母菌和极小的虫子了。虽说出生以前是绝对没有微生物能招惹上你的，但是它们占领新生儿的口腔和皮肤只需几个小时。那么，细菌寄生在人体何处呢？</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><p></p></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><font size="6"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">●睫毛：毛囊蠕螨，又称脂螨，是一种微小的螨虫，长度小于</span><chmetcnv wst="on" tcsc="0" numbertype="1" negative="False" hasspace="False" sourcevalue=".4" unitname="毫米"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">0.4</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">毫米</span></chmetcnv><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">，生活在毛孔和毛囊中，常见于睫毛根部。脂螨就像长着粗短腿的蠕虫。油性皮肤或者浓妆艳抹而又不彻底清洗的人，身上脂螨最多。不过大多数成年人多少都有些脂螨及其虫卵。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><p></p></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><font size="6"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">●牙齿：测试表明，</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">1</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">毫克牙菌斑中就有</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">1000</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">亿个细菌“安家落户”，细菌的副产品和唾液构成了它们的温床；此外还会有口腔阿米巴（变形虫），或称龈内阿米巴（变形虫）。这些寄生虫以白细胞和食物残渣为生。人刷牙时，它们会“四处逃窜”，危险过后又出来“兴风作浪”。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">30</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">％以上的人的口腔中都能发现这些寄生虫。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><p></p></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><font size="6"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">●口腔：人的口腔中生活着大约</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">500</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">种细菌，区区</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">1</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">毫升唾液里就有</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">1</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">亿个以上的细菌。生活在口腔中的一种真菌——白色念珠菌，还能造成女性阴道炎。口腔里的细菌一般会紧紧地贴在黏膜表面，因为如果不能牢固地附着于口腔，当人吞咽时就会被冲走。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><p></p></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><font size="6"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">●鼻子：人鼻孔里的细菌，都裹挟在呼吸时过滤空气的鼻毛之间，它们还能从你脸上爬进去。这些细菌大都像葡萄串一样聚集的金黄色葡萄球菌。鼻腔深处则有大量的链球菌，是一种杆状细菌，呈链状相连。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><p></p></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><font size="6"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">●腋窝：腋窝潮湿，是微生物温馨的家园。测试表明，每平方厘米微生物的数量可达</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">1000</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">万个。最常见的有两种，一是疮疱棒杆菌，一般认为如果它堵塞毛孔的话，就会造成痤疮；另一种是表皮葡萄球菌，这是皮肤上的常见细菌，总是成团聚集。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><p></p></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><font size="6"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">●肚脐：肚脐里栖息着真菌和细菌，它们构成了相互依赖的复杂生态系统。人体的体温不冷不热，而且肚脐这个独一无二的环境潮湿又安全，很适合真菌居住。这些细菌会制造出长长的丝线，缠绕起来，把积聚的人体毛发和衣服纤维裹在一起，为真菌和细菌提供遮蔽。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><p></p></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><font size="6"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">●腹股沟：由于紧邻尿道口，有些真菌和细菌在这里“和睦相处”是很正常的现象。成年女性阴道里，总是有一些耐酸的细菌和酵母菌，它们有助于把</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">pH</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">值保持在有利健康的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">4.5</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">左右，这足以杀灭很多病原菌。而阴毛上偶尔会出现的阴虱和疥螨就不利于健康了，这些寄生虫无需皮肤直接接触就可以通过床单、毛巾和衣服传播，“移民”到他人身上。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><p></p></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><font size="6"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">●皮肤：极其微小的尘螨生活在你的皮肤上和你的家中，它们以死亡细胞为食，作用好似皮肤的清洁队。这种椭圆形的螨虫有半透明的坚硬外壳，稀稀拉拉地长着竖起的绒毛，还有</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">8</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">条毛茸茸的腿和一副大嘴，不过没有眼睛和触角。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><p></p></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><font size="6"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">●脚：脚上出汗多。人的脚底有</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">25</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">万个毛孔，每天会流出</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">60</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">毫升的汗。这为细菌和真菌的繁衍生息创造了温暖湿润的环境。最常见的足部真菌就是造成脚气病的那种，它们以脚上死亡的表皮为食。在你的脚趾甲下面，还会有一种名为发癣菌的皮肤真菌，如果它繁衍过快的活，会使趾甲变硬、变色，造成灰指甲。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><p></p></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><font size="6"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">人身上密布着多种微生物，好在它们并非全都有害，有些还是健康所必需的。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">
                                        <p></p></font></span></font></p><p align="right"><font size="6"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">湖南浏阳市疾控中心谭西顺</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;"> (2005.12.08<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp; </span>8</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">版</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">)</span></font></p>

石桥wshh1975

p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center;"><b><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">与人相生相伴的“微生物群落”</span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;"><p></p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28.1pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><b><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">胡德荣</span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><p></p></span></b></p><p class="MsoBodyTextIndent" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">代表中国人类元基因组联盟、并作为国际微生物生态学会“中国大使”的上海交通大学生命科学技术学院副院长<personname wst="on" productid="赵立平">赵立平</personname>教授，最近应邀出席了在巴黎法国科学院举行的人类元基因组计划圆桌讨论会议。<personname wst="on" productid="赵立平">赵立平</personname>教授告诉记者，对公众来说，首要的问题是明确“人类元基因组计划”的重要性和伟大意义。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24.1pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><b><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">菌群与人息息相关</span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><p></p></span></b></p><p class="MsoBodyTextIndent" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">赵立平说，“人类元基因组”指的是人体内共生的菌群基因组的总和，包括肠道、口腔、呼吸道、生殖道等处菌群。我国人口众多，不同民族、地区、生活习惯和疾病类型都会形成丰富多样的人体菌群结构，蕴涵十分丰富的基因资源。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">世界各国科学家完成“人类基因组计划”用了</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">13</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">年，花费</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">30</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">亿美元，测定出人类自身基因有</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">2.5</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">万个左右。科学家曾乐观地认为，研究清楚人类</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">2.5</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">万个基因的功能，将会揭开人类生老病死之谜，但越来越多的研究表明，人体的生理代谢和生长发育不仅受基因控制，还有许多现象，如对疾病的易感性、药物反应等，无法全部用基因差异来解释。赵立平说，这是因为人体内生活着大量“亲密的陌生者”——体内微生物群落，即菌群，它们的组成和活动与人的生长发育、生老病死息息相关。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">越来越多的研究表明，体内菌群对人体健康起着十分重要的作用，以肠道菌群为例，许多重要疾病的发生发展都与肠道菌群的组成失调有着密切关系。肠道菌群数量是人体细胞的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">10</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">倍，重量是人体体重的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">1/50</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">～</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">1/100</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">。目前，我们对这些菌群的作用认识还很不足，甚至连肠道菌群由哪些种类的微生物组成这样的基本问题也还远远没有搞清楚。一个很重要的原因是大多数肠道菌群用现有的技术不能在实验室里培养。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">赵立平介绍，美国芝加哥拉什医学院胃肠病营养与研究中心最近的一项研究表明，儿童自闭症、老年痴呆等与肠道菌群有重要关系。研究发现，当人体肠道菌群里的一种芽孢杆菌数量占优势时，会分泌神经毒素，造成腹泻或对神经的侵害，儿童自闭症与此有直接关系。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">过去，科学家在进行药物试验的时候往往会遇到这样的问题：同样的药物用在两只看上去没什么两样的小鼠身上，有时候效果相差很大。日本科学家把具有抗肿瘤的作用的人参皂甙喂给肠道无菌的小鼠，这些药物都被排泄出来了。再把人参皂甙喂给肠道菌群正常的小鼠，发现人参皂甙被小鼠肠道内的一类微生物分解再加工后，才具有活性并进入血液发挥作用。中科院大连化学物理研究所的研究表明，大约有</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">20</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">％的人体内没有能够分解人参皂甙的肠道菌类，这些人服用人参皂甙是无效的。搞清楚这个原因，在治疗的时候对症下药，先把体内的微生物“生化加工厂”建好，再接受抗肿瘤的人参皂甙，疗效自然会更好。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24.1pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><b><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">肩负“揭秘”使命</span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><p></p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><personname wst="on" productid="赵立平"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">赵立平</span></personname><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">教授实验室从</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">1995</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">年开始研究用分子生物学和基因组学方法解析复杂微生物群落结构、阐明其功能的问题。他们对国际上使用较多的分析菌群组成的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">DNA</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">指纹图方法进行了重要的改进，并且发展了一种具有自主知识产权的新的元基因组</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">DNA</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">指纹图方法，这些结果发表在《国际微生物方法学学报》等刊物并获得我国专利。用这些方法对人类、仔猪、昆虫、大熊猫等肠道菌群进行了动态监控和结构分析，获得了大量新的结果，得到国际同行的关注。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">国家人类基因组南方研究中心，对一种重要的人畜共患病菌钩端螺旋体进行基因组测序和治疗研究，形成了国际先进的测序技术平台。浙江大学对肠道菌群在肝病发生、肝移植中的影响和作用具有独到研究。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">赵立平说，“人类元基因组计划”被称为“人类第二基因组计划”，预计把人体内共生菌群的基因组序列测定出来的工作量至少相当于</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">10</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">个人类基因组计划。由于微生物代谢功能的丰富多样，“人类元基因组计划”有可能发现超过</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">100</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">万个新的基因。这些基因的发现对于阐明许多疾病的发生机理、研究新的药物、控制药物毒性都将发挥巨大的作用。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><font face="Times New Roman"> (2005.12.07<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp; </span>7</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">版</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">)<p></p></font></span></p>

楚楚

论坛会议期间发的东东，所以受冷落了！今天才发现，真是一个好东东，辛苦了。人体每一个部位都是一个微生态环境，所以倡导每一个人要保护环境、保护地球、保护我们的家园，我们应该倡导医务工作者要保护人体的微生物生态环境，不要认为所有的微生物都是有害的，而把我们人体中的“大树”和“小草”都消失光啦。检验科就说如果本来有菌的部位，最后送检都无菌生长了，那是很可怕的，如呼吸道分泌物。下载了，好好学学！

[ 本帖最后由 楚楚 于 2008-1-6 17:00 编辑 ]

楚楚

有哪位朋友知道皮肤的代谢期是多长？或者类似的信息？谢谢！