ancer Deaths To Double Over Next Two Decades
未来20年内,癌症死亡人数将翻倍。
Tobacco use and the spread of Westernized lifestyles are the two main factors pushing up cancer death figures in developing countries globally, according to a new report issued by IARC (International Agency for Research on Cancer). The Agency predicts that the total number of annual cancer deaths globally will double within the next twenty years.
根据IARC做出的新报告,烟草的使用以及西方生活方式的推行是引起全球范围内发展中国家的癌症死亡率提高的两大罪魁祸首。该单位预测,在未来二十年内,每年全球的癌症死亡总数将为现在的两倍。
By 2010, says IARC, the total number of worldwide cancer deaths will overtake cardiovascular and heart disease deaths.
到2010年,全球范围内的癌症死亡人数将超过血管和心脏疾病引起的死亡人数。
According to the report:
根据该报告,在2030年,将有2700万新癌症病例以及1700万癌症死亡人数。(在2007年新癌症病例数目为1200万,癌症死亡人数为800万。)
-- In 2030 there will be 27 million new cases of cancer and 17 million cancer deaths. (In 2007 there were 12 new cancer cases and about 8 million cancer deaths.)
-- New cancer cases are expected to grow by 1% each year over the next two decades
在未来20年内,癌症发病率将以每年1%的速度递增。
-- The number of cancer deaths is expected to grow by 1% each year over the next two decades
据预测,在未来20年内,癌症死亡人数也将以1%的速度递增。
-- The largest increase in new cancer cases and total annual cancer deaths are expected to rise the fastest in Russia, India and China.
据预测,癌症新病例和癌症死亡人数增长最快的地区为:俄罗斯,印度和中国。
-- Currently chronic infection is the leading cause of cancer in developing countries. Smoking, obesity, as well as other Western lifestyle factors will eventually become the leading causes of cancer in those countries within the next twenty years.
目前在发展中国家慢性感染疾病是最主要的癌症发病原因,但是在未来20年内,吸烟,肥胖和其他与西方生活方式相关的因素将成为主要的癌症发病原因。
The global cancer burden doubled during the period 1975-2000. Experts say it will double again by 2020, and triple ten years after that. In 1970 only 15% of global cancers happened in developing countries - today over half of all cancers occur in developing countries. Two-thirds of all cancer deaths today happen in developing countries. This see-saw movement has not stopped yet.
在1975到2000年的25年期间,全球癌症患者人数增长了一倍。专家说到2020年,目前的数目将再次翻倍;到2030年该数目则将是现在的三倍。在1970年,只有15%的癌症出现在发展中国家,而现在,超过一半的癌症发生在这些地区。癌症死亡人数在这些国家也占全球总数的三分之一,并且这种增长的趋势尚没有停止的迹象。
The report indicates that the main reason the proportion of global cancer is growing in developing countries is smoking. As the number of smokers in developed countries fall, the opposite has happened in most of the rest of the world.
该报告表明,发展中国家里癌症人群数目增长的主要原因是吸烟。而在发达国家里,癌症人数的下降正是因为吸烟人数的减少。
How can the burden of cancer be reduced?
癌症所带来的负担如何才能降低呢?
Cancer can be reduced and controlled by implementing evidence-based strategies for cancer prevention, early detection of cancer and management of patients with cancer.
癌症可以通过基于调查的预防癌症策略的实施来进行降低,即早期癌症检测和癌症患者的管理。
About one third of cancer could be prevented by modifying or avoiding key risk factors, according to a 2005 study by international cancer collaborators.
根据国际癌症协办单位在2005年的研究,大约三分之一的癌症可以通过改变或者避免关键的风险因素来进行预防。
Important risk factors for cancer:
以下是癌症发病的重要因素:
-- smoking
-- being overweight/obese
-- low fruit and vegetable intake
-- physical inactivity
-- alcohol consumption
-- sexually transmitted infections, such as HIV and HPV
-- urban air pollution
-- indoor smoke from household use of solid fuels
吸烟; 肥胖;摄入水果蔬菜过少;缺少运动;酗酒;性传播感染,如HIV和HPV;市区空气污染;来自家用固体燃料的烟雾。
Detecting cancer early
癌症早期检测:
According to the World Health Organization, approximately one third of the cancer burden could be decreased if cancer were detected and treated early. Early detection of cancer is based on the observation that treatment is more effective when cancer is detected earlier. The aim is to detect the cancer when it is localized (before metastasis).
世界卫生组织认为,如过能对癌症进行早期检测和治疗,由其引起的负担可以被减少大约三分之一。早期癌症检测主要是基于以下事实,癌症越早被检测出来,治疗就越有效。早期检测的主要目的是检测癌症定位(在转移之前)。
-- What is the impact of cancer in your country? (WHO)
在你的国家,癌症的影响有哪些?(WHO)
翻译:hugang2004_2000(丁香园)
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