医院感染：国际视野，本土行动

David

Clinical Microbiology and Infection
Volume 14 Issue 10, Pages 895 - 907
Published Online: 15 Sep 2008

SPECIAL REPORT
Healthcare-associated infections: think globally, act locally
医院感染：国际视野，本土行动

J.-P. Marcel 1 , M. Alfa 2 , F. Baquero 3 , J. Etienne 4 , H. Goossens 5 , S. Harbarth 6 , W. Hryniewicz 7 , W. JarvisM. Kaku 9 , R. Leclercq 10 , S. Levy 11 , D. Mazel 12 , P. Nercelles 13 , T. Perl 14 , D. Pittet 6 , C. Vandenbroucke-Grauls 15 , N. Woodford 16 and V. Jarlier 17
  1 Executive Committee, Societé Française de Microbiologie, Paris, France ,   2 St Boniface General Hospital, Winnipeg, Canada ,   3 Ramon y Cajal University Hospital, Madrid, Spain ,   4 Medical University, Lyon, France ,   5 University Hospital Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium ,   6 Hopital Cantonal de Geneve, Geneva, Switzerland ,   7 National Medicines Institute, Warsaw, Poland ,   8 Jason and Jarvis Associates, Port Orford, OR, USA ,   9 Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan ,   10 Hopital Universitaire, Caen, France ,   11 Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA ,   12 Institut Pasteur, Paris, France ,   13 Universidad de Valparaiso, Valparaiso, Chile ,   14 John Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA ,   15 Medical Microbiology and Infection Control, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands ,   16 Health Protection Agency, London, UK and   17 Hospital Universitaire Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
Corresponding author and reprint requests: J.-P. Marcel, Executive Committee Societé, Française de Microbiologie, 191 rue de Veugirard, 75015 Paris, France
E-mail: jpierre.marcel@gmail.com
Copyright Journal compilation © 2008 European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases
KEYWORDS
alcohol-based hand rub • C. difficile • consumer unions • ESBL • healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) • microbiology • MRSA • prevention strategies • search and destroy • VRE

ABSTRACT
Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) have been a hot topic for several decades. An understanding of HAIs should be based on an understanding of the organisms that cause infection and determine prevention. Although some improvements in control in hospitals have been recorded, the community setting is now implicated, and the role of microbiology in diagnosis, detection of carriers and strain typing of organisms is evident. As healthcare systems vary widely, prevention strategies must be designed accordingly. Hand hygiene, however, remains applicable in all settings, and the WHO is strongly promoting alcohol-based hand rubs to interrupt transmission. Some countries are only beginning to develop standards, whereas compliance is obligatory in others. Economics and cost factors are common to all countries, and litigation is increasingly a factor in some.