Fulker Scale Ranking Contacts of Nursing Personnel from Clean to Dirty

鬼才

Fulker Scale Ranking Contacts of Nursing Personnel from Clean to Dirty

Ranka	Contact With
1	Sterile or autoclaved materials
2	Thoroughly cleaned or washed materials
3	Materials not necessarily cleaned but free from patient contact (e.g., papers)
4	Objects contacted by patients either infrequently or not expected to be contaminated (e.g., patient furniture)
5	Objects intimately associated with patients but not known to be contaminated (e.g., patient gowns, linens, dishes, bedside rails )
6	Patient, but minimal and limited (e.g., shaking hands, taking pulse)
7	Objects in contact with patient secretions
8	Patient secretions or mouth, nose, genitoanal area, etc.
9	Materials contaminated by patient urine
10	Patient urine
11	Materials contaminated with feces
12	Feces
13	Materials contaminated with secretions or excretions from infected sites
14	secretions or excretions from infected sites
15	Infected patient sites (e.g., wounds, tracheotomy)

a ：“Clean” activities, 1-7; “Dirty” activities, 8-15.

(Data from fox MK, Langner SB, Wells RW. How good are hand washing practices? Am J Nurs 1974; 74: 1676-1678, and Larson E, Lusk E. Evaluating hand washing technique. J Adv Nurs 1985; 10: 547-552, with permission.)

Fulker护理患者接触环境清洁度等级表

等级①	接触环境
1	无菌或灭菌材料
2	完全清洁或洗涤材料
3	自由地接触病人没有必要清洁的材料(如：纸张)
4	病人接触的对象很少或预计不会污染（例如，病人的家具）
5	与患者密切相关的对象，但不知道受到污染否（例如，病人袍，床单，碟子，护栏）
6	病人，但最小和有限的（如握手，采取脉搏）
7	接触患者分泌物的对象
8	患者分泌物和口、鼻、生殖器、肛门等
9	患者尿液污染的材料
10	患者尿液
11	粪便污染的材料
12	粪便
13	分泌物或感染部位排泄物污染的材料
14	分泌物或感染部位排泄物
15	病人感染的部位（如伤口，气管切开）

① “清洁”活动：1-7；“脏”活动 ：8-15。

翻译如有不妥的地方，敬请蓝鱼老师及其他老师指导。