美国CDC《新发传染病杂志》论文摘译

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Emerging Infectious Disease Journal
该杂志1995年创刊，月刊，由美国疾病预防控制中心国家传染病中心出版。刊载新发的传染病的预防、控制及公共卫生前景的实验室与流行病学实验研究报告，公共卫生政策的评论等。

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Volume 17, Number 10—October 2011
Perspective
Global Spread of Carbapenemase producing Enterobacteriaceae 产碳青霉烯酶肠杆菌感染流行
Carbapenemases increasingly have been reported in Enterobacteriaceae in the past 10 years. Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemases have been reported in the United States and then worldwide, with a marked endemicity at least in the United States and Greece. Metallo-enzymes (Verona integron–encoded metallo-β-lactamase, IMP) also have been reported worldwide, with a higher prevalence in southern Europe and Asia. Carbapenemases of the oxacillinase-48 type have been identified mostly in Mediterranean and European countries and in India. Recent identification of New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase-1 producers, originally in the United Kingdom, India, and Pakistan and now worldwide, is worrisome. Detection of infected patients and carriers with carbapenemase producers is necessary for prevention of their spread. Identification of the carbapenemase genes relies mostly on molecular techniques, whereas detection of carriers is possible by using screening culture media. This strategy may help prevent development of nosocomial outbreaks caused by carbapenemase producers, particularly K. pneumoniae.

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Volume 16, Number 9—September 2010
Dispatch
Rhinovirus Outbreaks in Long-term Care Facilities, Ontario, Canada
Abstract
Diagnostic difficulties may have led to underestimation of rhinovirus infections in long-term care facilities. Using surveillance data, we found that rhinovirus caused 59% (174/297) of respiratory outbreaks in these facilities during 6 months in 2009. Disease was sometimes severe. Molecular diagnostic testing can differentiate these outbreaks from other infections such as influenza.

加拿大安大略长期疗养机构暴发鼻病毒感染//Jean Longtin, Alex Marchand?Austin, Anne-Luise Winter等

诊断困难可能造成了对长期疗养机构鼻病毒感染情况的低估。根据监测数据，我们发现2009年6个月内这些机构中59%(174/297)的呼吸道疾病暴发是鼻病毒引起的，有时病情还很严重。分子诊断试验能区分鼻病毒感染和诸如流感之类的其它感染。