禽流感病毒在低温下可在玻璃或钢铁表面存活数月

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http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2010/10/101013124334.htm
ScienceDaily (Oct. 13, 2010) — On the eve of the 2010-11 influenza flu season, scientists and engineers have identified the environmental conditions and surfaces that could enable a highly pathogenic (H5N1) bird flu virus to survive for prolonged periods of time -- at least two weeks and up to two months. Among them: The virus appears to thrive at cooler temperatures and low humidity. The study, which could lead to new strategies for preventing the flu virus from spreading, appears in ACS' Environmental Science & Technology.

Joseph Wood and colleagues note that the highly pathogenic (H5N1) avian influenza virus so far has been rare but dangerous in humans, with mortality rates of about 60 percent. Although the H5N1 virus may spread to humans by direct contact with infected birds or other virus-contaminated material, health experts are concerned that the virus could evolve to develop the ability to spread from person to person, and cause serious outbreaks. However, there is little information on how different environmental conditions and materials affect H5N1's survival.

The scientists investigated the ability of a strain of highly pathogenic H5N1 originating from Viet Nam to survive on a variety of materials under different environmental conditions, including changes in temperature, humidity, and simulated sunlight. The materials included glass, wood, steel, soil, and chicken feces. They found that H5N1 survived longer (up to two weeks) at cooler temperatures -- around 39 degrees Fahrenheit -- but lasted only up to one day at room temperature. The virus also tends to persist at low humidity and no sunlight and on certain surfaces, including glass and steel. Although when exposed to simulated sunlight, the virus survived longer on soil and chicken feces compared to the other materials. It could potentially survive for up to two months on those materials, they estimate.

At low temperatures and low humidity, the virus actually survived longer on steel, glass, and soil than in chicken feces, a common source for spreading the virus. "Measures taken to contain and inactivate the virus, especially in these areas or conditions, may be warranted," the article notes.

科学日报（2010年10月13日），在2010年至2011年流感高发季节的前夕，科学家和工程师对环境和物品表面对高致病性禽流感病毒（H5N1）的存活时间的影响进行了研究，发现禽流感病毒至少可以存活2个星期，甚至长达2个月。研究发现，H5N1病毒更易于在低温和干燥的环境下存活。这项研究结果有助于发现新的方法来预防禽流感病毒的传播，该研究结果发表在美国化学会（ACS）的《环境科学与技术》上。

Joseph Wood及其同事表示高致病性禽流感病毒（H5N1），人类不易感染，但是一旦感染就危险，死亡率约为60%。虽然H5N1病毒只能通过直接接触被感染的鸟或者其他带有病毒的物品染给人类，但是健康专家关注病毒能进化出从人传染给人的能力，这将引起严重的流感爆发。然而，对于环境和物品表面对H5N1病毒的存活的影响还没有相关的信息。

科学家研究了一株来源于越南的高致病性H5N1病毒毒株，对其在不同环境和物体表面的存活能力进行了研究，包括温度、湿度和模拟阳光等因素。物体表面包括玻璃、木头、钢铁、土壤以及鸡粪。研究发现H5N1病毒在低温下，大约华氏39度（约4摄氏度）下能存活长达两周，而在室温下最多一天。在玻璃或者钢铁的表面上，干燥和没有阳光照射可以延长病毒的存活时间。与其他的物品不同，在土壤和鸡粪上，在有模拟阳光照射的情况下，病毒的存活时间更长。他们估计病毒能存活超过两个月。

在低温和干燥的条件下，病毒在钢铁、玻璃和土壤上的存活时间比在鸡粪上的存活时间要长，而后者是病毒普遍的来源。文章提到，需要采取措施来抑制和灭活病毒，特别是在那些易于病毒存活的条件和物体上。

随风飘尘

病毒存活的物体和表面机会多了和时间多了，但采取什么措施杀灭是很困惑的问题？

maozengxiaoyang

高致病性禽流感病毒（H5N1),84消毒液对其有效吗?

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回复 3# maozengxiaoyang
禽流感病毒对含氯消毒液敏感。