本帖最后由 胡杨 于 2014-6-13 17:20 编辑
《医疗机构消毒技术规范》 13.1.2 物体表面的清洁与消毒 。地面消毒采用400 mg/L~700 mg/L有效氯的含氯消毒液擦拭，作用30 min。
Hypochlorites are widely used in healthcare facilities in a variety of settings. Inorganic chlorine solution is used for disinfecting tonometer heads 188 and for spot-disinfection of countertops and floors. A 1:10–1:100 dilution of 5.25%–6.15% sodium hypochlorite (i.e., household bleach) has been recommended for decontaminating blood spills. For small spills of blood (i.e., drops of blood) on noncritical surfaces, the area can be disinfected with a 1:100 dilution of 5.25%-6.15% sodium hypochlorite or an EPA-registered tuberculocidal disinfectant.Because hypochlorites and other germicides are substantially inactivated in the presence of blood large spills of blood require that the surface be cleaned before an EPA-registered disinfectant or a 1:10 (final concentration) solution of household bleach is applied .---sourced by : Guideline for Disinfection and Sterilization in Healthcare Facilities, 2008 CDC
综上：国内法规统一使用0.05%【500PPM有效氯】有次氯酸钠。国外指南小量污染使用0.05%、大量污染使用0.5%【5000PPM有效氯】次氯酸钠。没有污染推荐每日也是0.05%次氯酸钠拖地。
但是，国内要求消毒时间30分钟，是不现实的。需要进一步论证以及选择更短消毒时间。最好1-5分钟即可解决问题才好。见： Contact Times for Surface Disinfectants，an important issue concerning use of disinfectants for noncritical surfaces in health-care settings is that the contact time specified on the label of the product is often too long to be practically followed. Such a long contact time is not practical for disinfection of environmental surfaces in a health-care setting because most health-care facilities apply a disinfectant and allow it to dry (~1 minute). Multiple scientific papers have demonstrated significant microbial reduction with contact times of 30 to 60 seconds. Currently, some EPA-registered disinfectants have contact times of one to three minutes. By law, users must follow all applicable label instructions for EPA-registered products. Ideally, product users should consider and use products that have the shortened contact time. However, disinfectant manufacturers also need to obtain EPA approval for shortened contact times so these products will be used correctly and effectively in the health-care environment. |
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