您知道Case Series和Cohort Studies，这两项研究的异同嘛？
相信不少老师或者同仁均已经做过很多研究设计，这里有个问题要请大家一起讨论。Case Series 和Cohort Studies两个研究有什么不同呢？
放到感控研究中，他们有什么相似点，又有什么区别值得去注意！？
研究设计和统计方法对于科学研究非常重要，如果连基本的都弄错了，可能编辑或者PEERS会质疑您结论的正确性，可靠性。
胡教授在感控黄埔培训班上用了讨论教学的研究方式，激励了大家发散性思维。
欢迎大家来参与这个论题的讨论！
给出三个例子：
第一个
Example 1: A surgeon performs a new procedure for a
life-threatening condition on 20 patients. Ten patients survive.
Two possible papers can be considered:
1A. A description of all treated patients and follow-up,
with calculation of mortality risk. No comparison group is
included.
1B. The same as 1A, except that the treated group is
compared with a historical group from the same institution
to compare mortality risk. Example 2: Data were collected on patients who had
bone marrow depression at 1 hospital. Potential risk factors,
including drugs known to induce bone marrow depression,
were assessed for all patients. The investigators assessed
whether bone marrow depression was still present after 1 year
among patients who received 1 of 2 drugs used to treat the
same disease. Two papers can be written on the basis of these
data:
2A. A description of all patients with bone marrow
depression and the frequency of potential risk factors for
bone marrow depression.
2B. A comparison of the risk for persistent bone marrow
depression after 1 year, for either drug, with calculation
of the absolute and relative risks for persistence. Example 3: In 1 hospital, a subset of patients hospitalized
with Escherichia coli–induced hemolytic–uremic syndrome
(HUS) developed neurologic symptoms during their stay. Demographic
and clinical characteristics of patients with HUS were
collected. Two papers can be considered:
3A. A description of only patients who had HUS and
neurologic symptoms.
3B. A comparison to assess whether the risk for neurologic
symptoms was higher in male than in female patients
with HUS. 本文发表于：
Ann Intern Med. 2012;156:37-40.
Distinguishing Case Series From Cohort Studies
Olaf M. Dekkers, MD, PhD, MA, MSc; Matthias Egger, MD, MSc; Douglas G. Altman, DSc; and Jan P. Vandenbroucke, MD, PhD
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