WHO guardline for hand hygiene of HCWs2005_2006
IntroductionThe WHO Advanced Draft Guidelines on Hand Hygiene in Health Care provide healthcare
workers (HCWs), hospital administrators and health authorities with a thorough review
of evidence on hand hygiene in health care and specific recommendations to improve
practices and reduce transmission of pathogenic microorganisms to patients and HCWs.
The present guidelines are intended to be implemented in any situation in which health care
is delivered either to a patient or to a specific group in a population. Therefore, this concept
applies to specific health-care facilities, to community settings and to other settings where
health care is occasionally performed, such as home care by birth attendants. Definitions of
health-care settings are proposed in Appendix 1.
The development of the advanced draft guidelines followed the World Health Organization
(WHO) recommended process for guidelines and began in autumn 2004. This process
included two international consultations (in December 2004 and April 2005) attended by
experts from all over the world and technical experts from WHO. Numerous experts conducted
multiple search strategies of available published information by 31 July 2005. A
core group of experts coordinated the work of reviewing the available scientific evidence,
writing the document, and fostering discussion among authors; more than 100 international
experts contributed to preparing the document. WHO advisers and members of the WHO
Consultations and Task Forces on Hand Hygiene who actively participated in the work process
up to final publication are listed in the Acknowledgements at the end of the document.
At present, pilot tests of the guidelines are being conducted in each of the six WHO
regions to help provide local data on the resources required to carry out the recommendations
and generate information on feasibility, validity, reliability and cost–effectiveness of the
interventions concerned. In addition, task forces of experts have been established to foster
ongoing discussion on some crucial topics included in the guidelines – candidates for further
development and practical solutions. The work of these groups is planned to continue until
the analysis of the issues has been completed and practical solutions have been identified.
The WHO Advanced Draft Guidelines on Hand Hygiene in Health Care provide a comprehensive
review of scientific data on hand hygiene rationale and practices in health care.
This extensive review includes in one document sufficient technical information to support
training materials and help plan implementation strategies. The document comprises five
parts:
Part I reviews scientific data on hand hygiene practices in health care and in
health-care settings in particular.
Part II provides consensus recommendations of the international panel of experts
mandated by WHO to summarize the evidence and proposes guidelines that
could be used worldwide.
Part III discusses outcome and process measurements.
Part IV addresses the issue of promoting hand hygiene on a large scale.
Part V covers public information.
For convenience, the figures and tables are numbered to correspond to the Part and the
Section in which they are discussed. The tabular presentations are grouped together after
the text and the references.
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