译文: 在心胸外科应用微生物比较两种手消毒技术：搓手与标准外科擦洗

潮水

An in-use microbiological comparison of two surgical hand disinfection techniques in cardiothoracic surgery: hand rubbing versus hand scrubbing 在心胸外科应用微生物比较两种手消毒技术：搓手与标准外科擦洗
Journal of Hospital Infection
Volume 67, Issue 1, September 2007, Pages 62-66

Summary
Surgical site infection after heart surgery increases morbidity and mortality.心脏术后手术部位感染增加发病率和死亡率。The method of presurgical hand disinfection could influence the infection risk. 手术前手消毒能影响发生感染的危险性。From February to April 2003, we compared the microbiological efficacy of hand-rubbing (R) and hand-scrubbing (S) procedures.从2003年2月到4月，我们比较了搓手和标准外科擦洗程序的消毒效果。 The surgical team alternately used hand-scrubbing or hand-rubbing techniques every two weeks.每两周手术组交替使用搓手和标准外科擦洗技术。 Fingertip impressions were taken before and immediately after hand disinfection, every 2 h and at the end of the operation. Acceptability of hand rubbing was assessed by a questionnaire. 在手消毒后立刻对手表面采样，然后在手术中每2个小时和手术结束后采样。Mean durations of surgical procedures were 259 ± 68 and 244±69 min for groups S and R respectively (P = 0.43). 用搓手和标准外科擦洗消毒方法的手术组的平均手术时间是244±69分钟 和259±68分钟 (P = 0.43)。Bacterial counts immediately after hand disinfection were comparable with the two techniques, but significantly lower in group R at the end of surgery.比较采用两种手消毒方法后手部细菌，在手术结束时采用搓手方法组细菌明显偏低。 No differences were observed between the percentages of negative samples taken after 2 h, 4 h and at the end of surgery between the two groups.在两组中手术中2小时、4小时和手术结束后细菌标本阴性率没有不同。 Bacterial skin flora reduction immediately after hand disinfection, after 2 h and 4 h of operating time and at the end of surgery was better in group R, but the difference was not statistically significant. 手消毒后细菌迅速减少，搓手组手术2小时、4小时和手术结束时效果较好，但两组差异没有统计学意义。Before surgery, the hand-rubbing method with alcohol solution preceded by hand washing with mild neutral soap is as effective as hand scrubbing to reduce bacterial counts on hands. It decreased the bacterial counts both immediately after hand disinfection and at the end of long cardiothoracic surgical procedures. 在手术前，在用中性肥皂洗手后用酒精搓手与标准外科擦洗在减少细菌方面效果相同。无论在手消毒后还是在长时间的心脏外科手术后细菌都在下降。The acceptability of hand rubbing was excellent and it can be considered to be a valid alternative to the conventional hand-scrubbing protocol. 可接受的搓手消毒效果是好的，它可以做为标准外科擦洗手消毒有效的替代方法。

潮水

and-scrubbing 可以译为标准外科手擦洗吗?请指教!

右手心

ingertip impressions were taken before and immediately after hand disinfection, every 2 h and at the end of the operation. Acceptability of hand rubbing was assessed by a questionnaire. 在手消毒后立刻对手表面采样，然后在手术中每2个小时和手术结束后采样。
我觉得这句是不是翻译成"在手消毒前采样,消毒后立即对手采样,在手术中每两小时采样一次,以及手术结束后采样."
Bacterial counts immediately after hand disinfection were comparable with the two techniques, but significantly lower in group R at the end of surgery
这句是不是可以翻译成"两种消毒方法在手消毒后立即采样手部细菌差不多,但是手术结束后卫生手组明显要低一些."
我觉得 hand-rubbing 是不是"卫生手"就是一般的护士洗手,hand-scrubbing 是"外科洗手"
但是如果这样翻译的话,我就不明白他的结论了....

依依

觉得hand-rubbing 是用”手消毒剂“；hand-scrubbing 是"外科刷手“，不知对不对。

David

里有一篇JAMA关于比较hand-rubbing and hand srubbing的文章，建议阅读。

David

and-Rubbing With an Aqueous Alcoholic Solution vs Traditional Surgical Hand-Scrubbing and 30-Day Surgical Site Infection Rates
A Randomized Equivalence Study
Jean Jacques Parienti, MD, DTM& ;H; Pascal Thibon, MD; Remy Heller, PharmD, PhD; Yannick Le Roux, MD, DCh; Peter von Theobald, MD, DCh; Hervé Bensadoun, MD, DCh; Alain Bouvet, MD; François Lemarchand, MD, DCh; Xavier Le Coutour, MD; for Members of the Antisepsie Chirurgicale des Mains Study Group
JAMA. 2002;288:722-727.
ABSTRACT
Context  Surgical site infections prolong hospital stays, are among the leading nosocomial causes of morbidity, and a source of excess medical costs. Clinical studies comparing the risk of nosocomial infection after different hand antisepsis protocols are scarce.
Objective  To compare the effectiveness of hand-cleansing protocols in preventing surgical site infections during routine surgical practice.
Design  Randomized equivalence trial.
Setting  Six surgical services from teaching and nonteaching hospitals in France.
Patients  A total of 4387 consecutive patients who underwent clean and clean-contaminated surgery between January 1, 2000, and May 1, 2001.
Interventions  Surgical services used 2 hand-cleansing methods alternately every other month: a hand-rubbing protocol with 75% aqueous alcoholic solution containing propanol-1, propanol-2, and mecetronium etilsulfate; and a hand-scrubbing protocol with antiseptic preparation containing 4% povidone iodine or 4% chlorhexidine gluconate.
Main Outcome Measures  Thirty-day surgical site infection rates were the primary end point; operating department teams' tolerance of and compliance with hand antisepsis were secondary end points.
Results  The 2 protocols were comparable in regard to surgical site infection risk factors. Surgical site infection rates were 55 of 2252 (2.44%) in the hand-rubbing protocol and 53 of 2135 (2.48%) in the hand-scrubbing protocol, for a difference of 0.04% (95% confidence interval, -0.88% to 0.96%). Based on subsets of personnel, compliance with the recommended duration of hand antisepsis was better in the hand-rubbing protocol of the study compared with the hand-scrubbing protocol (44% vs 28%, respectively; P = .008), as was tolerance, with less skin dryness and less skin irritation after aqueous solution use.
Conclusions  Hand-rubbing with aqueous alcoholic solution, preceded by a 1-minute nonantiseptic hand wash before each surgeon's first procedure of the day and before any other procedure if the hands were soiled, was as effective as traditional hand-scrubbing with antiseptic soap in preventing surgical site infections. The hand-rubbing protocol was better tolerated by the surgical teams and improved compliance with hygiene guidelines. Hand-rubbing with liquid aqueous alcoholic solution can thus be safely used as an alternative to traditional surgical hand-scrubbing.
谁翻出来加10金和2点魅力，嘻嘻~~

右手心

直很崇拜DAVID哥哥,很厉害哦,嘿嘿,多来帮助我啊!