樵夫 发表于 2009-1-6 17:36

新英格兰杂志——降低ICU导管相关性血流感染中的综合干预措施的应用研究

An Intervention to Decrease Catheter-Related BloodstreamInfections in the ICU
The new england   journal of medicine
established in 1812december 28, 2006vol. 355no. 26

Background
Catheter-related bloodstream infections occurring in the intensive care unit (ICU)
are common, costly, and potentially lethal.
Methods
We conducted a collaborative cohort study predominantly in ICUs in Michigan. An
evidence-basedintervention was usedto reducetheincidence of catheter-related
bloodstream infections. Multilevel Poisson regression modeling was used to com-
pare infection rates before, during, and up to 18 months after implementation of
the study intervention. Rates of infection per 1000 catheter-days were measured at
3-month intervals, according to the guidelines of the National Nosocomial Infections
Surveillance System.
Results
A total of 108 ICUs agreed to participate in the study, and 103 reported data. The
analysis included 1981 ICU-months of data and 375,757 catheter-days. The median
rateofcatheter-relatedbloodstreaminfectionper1000catheter-daysdecreased
from 2.7 infections at baseline to 0 at 3 months after implementation of the study
intervention (P≤0.002), and the mean rate per 1000 catheter-days decreased from
7.7 at baseline to 1.4 at 16 to 18 months of follow-up (P<0.002). The regression model
showed a significant decrease in infection rates from baseline, with incidence-rate
ratios continuously decreasing from 0.62 (95% confidence interval , 0.47 to 0.81)
at 0 to 3 months after implementation of the intervention to 0.34 (95% CI, 0.23 to
0.50) at 16 to 18 months.
Conclusions
An evidence-based intervention resulted in a large and sustained reduction (up to 66%)
in rates of catheter-related bloodstream infection that was maintained throughout


樵夫 发表于 2009-1-6 17:37

ICU内的导管相关性血流感染(CRBSI)时常发生,并会增加病人的费用,延长住院天数,甚至引起病人的死亡。在美国,每年大约发生80,000例CRBSI,由此引起28,000例病人死亡,造成约23亿美元的损失。
本文介绍在美国密西根州大部分医院的ICU内开展的一项协作队列研究,研究者对参与的医院实施基于循证医学证据的干预措施,以降低ICU的导管相关性血流感染率。为比较实施干预措施前、实施过程中以及实施后的效果,研究者设计了多层Poisson回归模型,并根据美国NNIS系统的指南,每3个月计算一次每1000导管日的感染率。
本研究共纳入108家医院的ICU,收集并分析了其中103家医院的数据(排除的5家ICU中有4未提供完整的数据,1家ICU并入其他ICU)。研究共监测到1981个ICU月,375757导管天。研究期间,通过采取美国疾病预防控制中心(CDC)推荐的基于循证医学证据的干预措施,包括手卫生、在插入中心静脉导管时使用大的手术铺巾、使用洗必泰进行皮肤消毒、避免穿刺股静脉和移除不必要的导管等五项措施,导管相关性血流感染率的中位数从基线水平的2.7/1000导管日降低到实施干预措施后3个月的0(P≤0.002);实施干预措施后16~18个月时,导管相关性血流感染的平均值从基线水平的7.7/1000导管日降低到1.4/1000导管日(P<0.002)。经回归分析,与基线相比,感染率有明显的下降,发病率的比率从开始干预0~3月的0.62(95%CI,0.47~0.81)下降到干预后16~18个月的0.34(95%CI,0.23~0.50)。
虽然该研究存在一些缺陷,如没有对干预措施及其实施时间进行随机分配,从而降低了检测干预措施和降低CRBSI之间因果关系的能力;另外,部分ICU由于参与该项研究后立即开始了干预措施因而没有基线数据,因此,可能产生方法偏倚,造成夸大结果;但是该研究还是成功的说明了,通过实施简单的、便宜的干预措施可以明显的降低ICU的CRBSI的发生,广泛的推广该干预措施,可以明显的降低由CRBSI引起的死亡率和医疗花费。

米奇朋克 发表于 2011-8-31 11:26

正需要这方面的文献资料,谢谢樵夫老师!{:1_17:}

吕庆排 发表于 2011-9-2 09:28

真好!樵夫 老师给翻译成中文了,谢谢!

天天,天蓝 发表于 2011-9-15 09:23

正在找资料,路过学习了。{:1_7:}
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