Effect of Daily Chlorhexidine Bathing on Hospital-Acquired Infection
Michael W. Climo, M.D., Deborah S. Yokoe, M.D., M.P.H., David K. Warren, M.D., Trish M. Perl, M.D., Maureen Bolon, M.D., Loreen A. Herwaldt, M.D., Robert A. Weinstein, M.D., Kent A. Sepkowitz, M.D., John A. Jernigan, M.D., Kakotan Sanogo, M.S., and Edward S. Wong, M.D.N Engl J Med 2013;368:533-542February 7, 2013DOI:10.1056/NEJMoa1113849 BackgroundResults of previous single-center, observational studies suggest that daily bathing of patients with chlorhexidine may prevent hospital-acquired bloodstream infections and the acquisition of multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs).
Methods We conducted a multicenter, cluster-randomized, nonblinded crossover trial to evaluate the effect of daily bathing with chlorhexidine-impregnated washcloths on the acquisition of MDROs and the incidence of hospital-acquired bloodstream infections. Nine intensive care and bone marrow transplantation units in six hospitals were randomly assigned to bathe patients either with no-rinse 2% chlorhexidine–impregnated washcloths or with nonantimicrobial washcloths for a 6-month period, exchanged for the alternate product during the subsequent 6 months. The incidence rates of acquisition of MDROs and the rates of hospital-acquired bloodstream infections were compared between the two periods by means of Poisson regression analysis.
Results A total of 7727 patients were enrolled during the study. The overall rate of MDRO acquisition was 5.10 cases per 1000 patient-days with chlorhexidine bathing versus 6.60 cases per 1000 patient-days with nonantimicrobial washcloths (P=0.03), the equivalent of a 23% lower rate with chlorhexidine bathing. The overall rate of hospital-acquired bloodstream infections was 4.78 cases per 1000 patient-days with chlorhexidine bathing versus 6.60 cases per 1000 patient-days with nonantimicrobial washcloths (P=0.007), a 28% lower rate with chlorhexidine-impregnated washcloths. No serious skin reactions were noted during either study period.
Conclusions Daily bathing with chlorhexidine-impregnated washcloths significantly reduced the risks of acquisition of MDROs and development of hospital-acquired bloodstream infections. (Funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and Sage Products; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00502476.)
Supported by a cooperative program award from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (5UO1C1000395-02) and Sage Products.
The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Dr. Climo reports receiving grant support from Sage Products. Dr. Warren reports receiving consulting fees from Centene, C.R. Bard, Cardinal Health, and Sagentia; lecture fees from 3M Health Care; and grant support through his institution from Cubist Pharmaceuticals and bioMérieux. Dr. Perl reports holding board memberships for Hospira and Pfizer and receiving grant support from Merck. Dr. Weinstein reports serving as an unpaid consultant for Sage Products and receiving grant support from the Foglia Family Foundation. No other potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.
Disclosure forms provided by the authors are available with the full text of this article at NEJM.org.
Source InformationFrom the Hunter Holmes McGuire Veterans Affairs Medical Center (M.W.C., E.S.W.) and the Virginia Commonwealth University Medical Center (M.W.C., K.S., E.S.W.), Richmond; Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston (D.S.Y.); Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis (D.K.W.); Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore (T.M.P.); Northwestern University (M.B.) and Cook County Health and Hospitals System (R.A.W.), Chicago; Iowa University Hospital, Iowa City (L.A.H.); Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York (K.A.S.); and the Prevention Epicenters Program, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta (J.A.J.).
Address reprint requests to Dr. Climo at the McGuire Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 1201 Broad Rock Blvd., Section 111-C, Richmond, VA 23249, or at michael.climo@va.gov.
Media in This ArticleFigure 1http://www.nejm.org/na101/home/literatum/publisher/mms/journals/content/nejm/2013/nejm_2013.368.issue-6/nejmoa1113849/20130201/images/small/nejmoa1113849_f1.gifKaplan–Meier Estimates of Time to Primary Bloodstream Infection.
Figure 2http://www.nejm.org/na101/home/literatum/publisher/mms/journals/content/nejm/2013/nejm_2013.368.issue-6/nejmoa1113849/20130201/images/small/nejmoa1113849_f2.gifRates of Primary Bloodstream Infections According to the Type of Hospital Unit.
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能不能翻译好呢老师?{:1_8:} 本帖最后由 石磊--wxmsl 于 2013-5-8 19:13 编辑
三人行有我师 发表于 2013-5-8 19:03 http://bbs.sific.com.cn/static/image/common/back.gif
能不能翻译好呢老师?
迈克尔 W.Climo,M.D.Deborah S.横江、 医学博士、 英里,David K.沃伦,医学博士,崔西 M.Perl,医学博士、 莫林 Bolon,医学博士、 Loreen A.Herwaldt,M.D.,罗伯特 A.温斯坦,医学博士、 肯特 A.Sepkowitz,医学博士、 约翰 A.杰,医学博士,Kakotan Sanogo,多发性硬化症和爱德华 S.华春N Engl J Med 2013 ;368:533-542February 7,2013DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1113849
背景以前的单一中心的结果,观察性研究表明每天沐浴的氯己定患者可能防止医院获得性血液感染和耐多药耐药生物 (MDROs) 的收购。
方法我们进行了多中心、 随机群集、 nonblinded 交叉审判评价每日沐浴用洗必泰浸渍某条毛巾上的 MDROs 采集和医院获得性血液感染的发生率的影响。九六家医院的重症监护和骨髓移植单位被随机分配给病人用免冲洗 2 %chlorhexidine–impregnated 某条毛巾或用 nonantimicrobial 某条毛巾洗澡为期 6 个月,期间在随后的 6 个月的备用产品交换。泊松回归分析的两个周期之间比较了收购的 MDROs 及医院获得性血液感染率的发病率。在研究期间招收了共有 7727 病人的结果。总的 MDRO 采集率是每 1000年患者-天用洗必泰与 6.60 案件每 1000年患者-天与 nonantimicrobial 某条毛巾沐浴 5.10 案件 (P = 0.03),相当于 23%率较低与洗必泰沐浴。总的医院获得性血液感染率是每 1000年患者-天用洗必泰与 6.60 案件每 1000年患者-天与 nonantimicrobial 某条毛巾沐浴 4.78 例 (P = 0.007),28%率较低与洗必泰浸渍某条毛巾。
在任一研究期间注意到没有严重的皮肤反应。结论与洗必泰浸渍某条毛巾每日沐浴大大降低了收购的 MDROs 和发展医院获得性血液感染的风险。(按中心资助疾病控制和预防和鼠尾草的产品 ;筛查数量,NCT00502476)。疾病控制和预防 (5UO1C1000395-02) 和鼠尾草产品支持从中心的合作项目奖.
在这篇文章表达的意见是那些作者的并不一定代表疾病控制和预防中心的官方立场。Sage 产品从接收赠款支持博士 Climo 报告。沃伦医生报告接收咨询费从 Centene、 C.R.吟游诗人、 红衣主教健康和 Sagentia ;演讲费从 3 M 卫生保健 ;并从立体主义的制药和生物梅里埃中国给予支持,通过他的机构。博士 Perl 报告 Hospira 和辉瑞公司控股董事会成员身份和接收来自默克的赠款支持。温斯坦博士报告作为 Sage 产品无薪顾问和接收来自 Foglia 家庭基金会的赠款支持。据报没有其它潜在的利益冲突与本文有关的。由作者提供的披露形式都可在 NEJM.org 这篇文章的完整文本。
源来自猎人福尔摩斯麦圭尔退伍军人事务医疗中心 (M.W.C.,E.S.W.) 和弗吉尼亚英联邦大学医疗中心 (M.W.C.,K.S.,E.S.W.),里士满 ;布里格姆和妇女医院和哈佛大学医学院、 波士顿 (D.S.Y.) ;华盛顿大学医学院临床医学专业,圣 · 路易斯 (D.K.W.) ;约翰 · 霍普金斯大学、 巴尔的摩 (T.M.P.) ;西北大学 (比利时导报) 和库克县卫生和医院系统 (R.A.W.),芝加哥;爱荷华大学医院,爱荷华市 (L.A.H.) ;纪念斯隆-凯特林癌症中心、 纽约 (K.A.S.) ;和预防震中程序,疾病控制和预防,亚特兰大 (J.A.J.) 中心。地址转载到博士 Climo 在麦圭尔退伍军人事务医学中心,1201年广泛岩大道,111-C 节,里士满,弗吉尼亚州 23249,或在 michael.climo@va.gov 请求。媒体在此 ArticleFigure 1Kaplan–Meier 估计的原发性血流感染的时间。图 2Rates 类型的医院单位主血液感染。
三人行有我师 发表于 2013-5-8 19:03 static/image/common/back.gif
能不能翻译好呢老师?
NEJM:每日氯己定洗浴可显著降低医院获得性感染的风险
既往单中心、观察性研究结果表明,患者每日用氯己定洗浴有可能预防医院获得性血液感染和耐多药微生物(MDROs)感染。氯己定(或称洗必泰)为外用抗菌剂及阳离子表面活性剂,对多数革兰氏阳性菌和革兰氏阴性菌具杀灭作用(虽然对革兰氏阴性菌作用较弱)。除可抑菌外,也可杀灭细菌。
美国弗吉尼亚州里士满市亨特·霍姆斯·麦奎尔退伍军人事务医学中心的Climo博士等人的研究显示,每日用氯己定浸渍过的毛巾洗浴可显著降低MDRO感染风险,并减少医院获得性血液感染的发生。研究成果发表于国际权威杂志NEJM 2013年5月最新一期在线版上。
研究人员进行了一项多中心、整群随机、非盲化的交叉试验,以评价每日用氯己定浸渍过的毛巾洗浴对MDRO感染和医院获得性血液感染发生率的影响。研究者对6家医院的9个重症监护治疗病房和骨髓移植单元进行了随机分组,第一组用免冲洗、2%氯己定浸渍过的毛巾对患者进行洗浴,第二组用不含抗菌剂毛巾对患者进行洗浴,为期6个月,在随后的6个月内交换替代产品。研究者采用Poisson回归分析对这2个时间段之间的MDRO感染率和医院获得性血液感染率进行了比较。
总计7727例患者被纳入该研究。结果显示,用氯己定浸渍过的毛巾组MDRO感染总发生率为5.10例/1000患者日(patient-days),与之相比,用不含抗菌剂毛巾组为6.60例/1000患者日(P=0.03),即相当于用氯己定洗浴后感染率降低了23%。用氯己定洗浴组医院获得性血液感染的总发生率为4.78例/1000患者日,相比之下,用不含抗菌剂毛巾为6.60例/1000患者日(P=0.007),使用氯己定浸渍过的毛巾后感染率降低28%。在任何一个研究时间段内,均未观察到严重的皮肤反应。
研究人员由此得出结论,每日用氯己定浸渍过的毛巾洗浴可显著降低MDRO感染风险,并减少医院获得性血液感染的发生。
男丁格尔 发表于 2013-5-8 19:34 static/image/common/back.gif
NEJM:每日氯己定洗浴可显著降低医院获得性感染的风险
既往单中心、观察性研究结果表明,患者每日用氯 ...
氯己定已成“神话”,不可思意,效果如此大,我院口腔护理一直用它操作,但临床医护人员反应不如生理盐水,味道重!可能浓度的问题! 学习了,谢谢啦!知道了氯己定已成了“神话”。 我们还在努力让它在我院的日常工作中发挥威力 谢谢老师!辛苦了!! 不知道2%氯已定还有如此消毒效果,学习了。也很佩服男丁版主的英文水平,谢谢了! 老师的英文水平真高,佩服 最新的报道,值得收藏
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